公案流別－論明代公案小說集體例的依違

本文以明代公案小說集為研究範圍。對公案小說與法家書、訟師秘本因題材相近而致類型異稱紛擾所衍生文類辨分的困難，予以關注。注意到了明代抄錄的時代特徵對於明代小說編纂的影響，並藉由對於異稱時間先後探討，重新檢視學界對於公案文體類型的析分，總結其異稱的適當性。其次，余象斗新增「按語」的體例讓公案小說呼應時代的流行趨向，後來公案小說集亦予以繼承，成為公案小說的普遍特徵。復次，續推演公案書名發展規律，發現公案小說圍繞「公案」、「傳」的題名特徵呈現公案小說的雛形、趨附、成熟階段，實具公案小說集演化歷程的時代意義。

關鍵字

明代公案小說；書判體；諸司體；傳記體；單傳體

並列摘要

The collection of detective-style novels in Ming Dynasty is taken as the research object in this paper. Because the themes of detective-style novels are similar to those of legalistic books and secret books of litigation masters, they have different types of names. This paper focuses on the difficulties in distinguishing the styles derived from it. And this paper notices the influence of the time characteristics of Ming Dynasty's transcription on the compilation of Ming Dynasty's novels, re examines the academic analysis of the style types of detective-style novels and summarizes the appropriateness of the different names by discussing the different names successively. Secondly, Yu Xiangdou's new style of ＂notes＂ echoed the trend of the times. Later, the collection of detective-style novels also added notes, which became a common feature of detective-style novels. Then, this paper continues to deduce the law of the development of the detective-style novels titles and finds that the detective-style novels present its prototype, convergence and mature stage around the title characteristics of ＂detective-style＂ and ＂biography＂, which has great meaning in the evolutionary history of the detective-style novels.