再論歐盟機構之語言機制：多語乎？多軌乎？

歐盟多語的定義涵蓋語言服務及語言學習。本文重在探討歐盟語言服務機制近年如何利用可變異方式，扭轉英語對多語之雙峰現象，呈現完整多樣的語言光譜。在此光譜上，彼端是兩三種慣用語，此端則是歐盟所有語言，中段再配以與議題利益直接相關者的語言。凡此種種皆對應於歐盟語言入口網站的徽章，一隻彩漾的變色龍，能配合週遭情境轉換膚色；同理，歐盟語言機制採彈性調適因應不同需求。進而印證它與歐盟統合過程之連動性－利用分速、多軌，甚至可變異的模式，在多樣化中達到相容以維持進程。而此多面、差異化的語言機制，應可兼顧理想與務實之要求，並使歐洲多語特質成爲歐盟的資產，而非負債。

關鍵字

多語；多軌；語言機制；語言光譜；可變異型

並列摘要

The conception of multilingualism in European Union covers translation and interpreting services as well as language learning. But this article aims to focus on the newest development of the Union's institutional language arrangement. Since 2004 the commissioner first ever entitled with multilingualism has drawn ”differentiated theory” of integration to modify its linguistic mechanism. Manifested by the logo of language Portal, a chameleon, different institutions or agencies, in order to adapt variable contexts and trajectories, have developed their own multi-pronged language arrangements or precisely a linguistic spectrum with using automatic languages at one end, all languages at the other end and plus any language directly pertinent to the relevant issues in the middle between two extremes. Thus could it compromise EU's idealism and pragmatism, and turn multilingualism from being a liability into an asset?