台灣新移民的文化認同、社會適應與社會網絡

A Study of the Cultural Identity, Social Adaptation and Social Network of New Immigrants in Taiwan

陳燕禎(Yen-Jen Chen)

《國家與社會》 4期 (2008/06) Pp. 43-99

https://doi.org/10.30174/JSS.200806.0002

摘要

本研究旨在探討台灣多元文化下的「新移民」文化產業與文化認同之重建問題，並以桃園縣進行深入性探討其文化認同發展方式和社會網絡力量的運作情形，以尋求未來新移民政策發展之建議和創造各族群永續融合之可能性。本研究採質化研究的深度訪談法進行資料收集，以東南亞不同國籍的新移民進行深度訪談，共有21位接受並完成受訪。研究結果發現，新移民在台灣這一塊土地上已有了新根，其子女已在國內接受教育、成長和工作，但社會給他們的是歧視與排除，是「過客」的身分和異樣注視的眼光，而不是呈現多元文化和社會融合的包容模式。此外，新移民大多處在封閉性的社群網絡系統，然而在有限的社群網絡系統之下，其母國文化產業已在台灣出現，從節慶、餐飲到信仰，形成新移民文化和經濟產業聚落。所以政府必須認清新移民已不再是昔日的勞動人力和商品化的婚姻關係，政府和媒體不能再以有色眼光看待他們，應去除對新移民問題化的標籤傳播。整體而言，我國發展多元文化產業政策和運用新移民的社會資本力量的投入嚴重不足，因此應落實以多元族群融合和社會資本的新概念看待他們，打破接待移民社會的壓迫和箝制，才能創造多元文化產業和經濟的發展。

關鍵字

新移民 ； 文化認同 ； 社會適應 ； 社會網絡 ； 社會融合 ； 社會資本

並列摘要

This study aimed to discuss the problems about rebuilding the cultural industry and identification of new immigrants in the multiple cultural society of Taiwan. The study chose Taoyuan County as a case to make an in-depth discussion of new immigrants' cultural identification developing model and social network process in search for a suggestion on future new immigrant development policy so that the harmony of multiple ethnic groups can be made possible. The study adopted the method of in-depth interviews on new immigrants from South-eastern countries and 21 respondents were interviewed. The findings indicated that new immigrants had ”new roots” in the land of Taiwan. Their children grew up, received education and worked in Taiwan, but the society treated them with discrimination and exclusion and took them as ”passers-by” rather than with tolerant attitude of multiple cultures integration and social inclusion. Besides, majority of new immigrants lived in the closed social network systems. Under this system, cultural industry of their mother-countries arose in Taiwan. Cultures like festivals, diets and religions transformed into cultural and economic industry villages of new immigrants. The Government should understand that new immigrants are no more labors or marital commodities as before. The Government and media should not view them in the colored eyes; instead, they should remove the labeled messages as ”the troubled new immigrant problems.” On the whole, the Government still invested not enough in developing multiple cultural industry and applying new immigrants' social capitals. Thus, carrying out the new concepts of multiple ethnic inclusion and social capitals and shedding the oppression may develop the multiple cultural industry and economics.

並列關鍵字

new immigrant ； cultural identity ； social adaptation ； social network ； social inclusion ； social capital

參考文獻

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夏曉鵑()。