臺灣登山活動安全管理之研究

本研究旨於瞭解登山者攀登百岳之動機、安全管理的認知、山岳特殊地貌氣象相關的觀察體驗。研究設計採半結構式、深度訪談方式進行，訪談對象以國內完成百岳攀登之5位登山專家，訪談結果分析採「內容分析法」進行整理與分析。主要研究成果爲如下：影響參與的優先順序爲「偶然山社邀請」、「欣賞風景」、「接觸大自然」、「結交朋友」等因素。對於百岳地形氣象的認知部分，以「鋒面到，天氣隨時變化」、「易起雲霧」、「午後易下雨」等因素爲主；在危險山岳印象爲「大霸尖山」、「無名山」、「干卓萬山」、「奇萊山」等，其因素爲「氣象變化」、「斷崖」、「救援不易」等影響。安全管理部份，登山者有無投保其優先順序爲「登山社團強制投保」、「個人登山較少投保」等，而花費時程，以「不一定，要看路線長短」爲主；對於具備的知能爲「個人裝備」、「經驗」、等因素，當「體能不佳」、「感冒」是儘可能不要參加登山活動；且登山專家皆需參與相關協會研習或訓練；對於路線指示、路標設置爲「國家公園內百岳之設置良好」，目前登山的裝備以「GPS」、「衛星電話」、「手機」等爲較新的器具。

關鍵字

登山活動；安全管理；半結構式深度訪談法；登山者

並列摘要

The study would try to recognize the motive of climbers' participation, the identification of safety management and the understandings of special mountain climates by using in-depth interview, including 5 experts'. Through the expert interview, the result would be able to analyze the principles of present climbing activities, and it would also offer the making regulations of authorities. In addition, it would be viewed as pre-study for future related research. The major results would show that the reasons of first mountain activities would be ”interests of wonderful landscape”, ”investments of Climber groups”, ”making friends” and ”touch of nature”. The reasons for the continual participation would be ”personal habit”, ”improvement of heath” and ”touch of nature”. For the happened hazard, ”changing climate”, ”accident fog” and ”accident rain” would play the main roles. Because of ”the changing rapidly climate” and ”difficult safety controlling”, the more dangerous mountain at Taiwan would be ”Da-Pa”, ”Wu-Min”, ”Chuo-Wan Kan” and ”Chi-Lai”. In the part of safety management, the group activities have more insurance than the personal activities because of the group enforce insurance. In addition, the time spending would depend on the different climbing line. It is not suitable to join the climbing activities when the climber cannot have enough spirit and brawn. For the communication facility, the ”GPS”, ”sell phone”, and ”Satellite telephone” would be viewed as better ones.