921地震崩塌地植生復育及其演替系列個案調查分析

A Case Study Analysis on Revegetation and Plant Succession Series in Landslides after 921 Chi-Chi Earthquake

林信輝(Shin-Hwei Lin) ； 彭心燕(Hsin-Yen Peng) ； 馮喬舒(Chiao-Shu Feng)

《水保技術》 5卷2期 (2010/04) Pp. 83-93

https://doi.org/10.30040/JSWCT.201004.0003

摘要

台灣於1999年發生921大地震造成中部地區坡地土石災害嚴重，爲減低二次災害之發生及保障居民安全，相關單位進行崩塌地整治規劃及植生復育工作。其中種子撒播、團粒化劑噴植、鋪網噴植與打樁編柵爲主要植生工法。本研究選取台中縣與南投縣共4個試區，分別於2001、2002、2006及2008年等施工後不同時期進行線截法植群調查，以外部環境干擾植物、植物內部競爭與土壤與植物關係等三大主軸，探討崩塌地植生空間特性及植生結構之時間演變。調查結果顯示植生工程施工導入草種-百慕達草、百喜草與類地毯草，可視爲利於其他種植物入侵與快速被取代之良好外來種導入植物，而外來種植物－小花蔓澤蘭入侵嚴重時則會影響該植群結構，導致演替由進化轉爲退化之情形。木本植物方面，相思樹、無患子與野桐爲試區重要代表之深根性植物，此類深根性植物種類出現越多，除了達到物種多樣性外，表示坡面愈能達到穩定。在植群演替度分析結果顯示崩塌地初期具有數量較多之木本植物，較能抵擋外來侵略種，使外來侵略種生長量無法迅速擴展並促進崩塌地植生復育及演替系列進行。

關鍵字

植生復育 ； 植生結構 ； 演替度 ； 侵略種

並列摘要

The enormous Chi-Chi earthquake caused serious landslide disaster in central Taiwan in 1999. Relational research department proceeded landslide rebuilt planning and vegetation engineering. In order to reduce the occurrence of secondary disasters and protect the safety of the residents. The main methods of vegetation engineering is hydroseeding used aggregating agent, hydroseeding with wire mesh placement, staking and wattling. In this study, Taichung County and Nantou County have been chosen four landslide areas to investigate the vegetation structure by using line transect method for different periods in 2001 2002 2006 and 2008. Three main shaft to explore the spatial distribution of vegetation are interfere with the external environment to vegetation, plant internal competition and the relationship between soil and plants. Discussion about spatial character of vegetation and serial change in landslide area. Plant species showed that Cynodon dactylon、Paspalum notatum and Axonopus affinis are beneficial to plant and be replaced with the rapid invasion of alien species. Mikania micrantha invasion seriously affected structure of vegetation and led to the degradation of succession. In the arboreous plants aspect, Acacia confusa、Sapindus mukorossii and Mallotus japonicus are represent of the district's deep-rooted plants. By the relevant studies indicate that these deep-rooted plant species appear more than others. In addition to achieve the species diversity, it means that slope obtained more stability. By vegetation degrees show a large number of arboreous plants in initial stage are possible to resist invasive species and the alien species wouldn't expand rapidly.

並列關鍵字

Revegetation ； Vegetation Structure ； Degree of Succession DS ； Invasive Species