拓跋政權賜妻婚姻的研究

Research on the Marriage of Bestowed Wife in the Era of Tuba Regime

羅文星(Wen-Hsin Lo)

《中正歷史學刊》 18期 (2015/12) Pp. 1-32

https://doi.org/10.6747/CCUHISTORY.201512_(18).01

摘要

在拓跋政權的拓展過程中，能維繫國力的成長與統治體系的擴大，可以觀察到透過強制性的賜妻婚姻有助於此。藉著賜妻婚姻，穩定基層民眾，繁衍胡族宗室，整合內外各方勢力，主動吸收具禮制文化勢力的漢族名士。且，透過賜妻對軍功大臣行功勳的犒賞以及對胡族入國的優禮，以維持發展的動力與擴張。隨國勢往南的拓展，針對南來歸降漢人發展出「前妻雖先有子，後賜之妻子皆承嫡」的賜妻措施，以掌控、吸納漢人於政權體制內，藉此強行使胡、漢社會結構銜接。因此，透過賜妻婚姻的方式，維繫了政治的發展動力與展開新的社會關係。

關鍵字

拓跋政權 ； 婚姻 ； 賜妻 ； 承嫡 ； 尚公主

並列摘要

In the regime development of Tuba, the bestowed wife(賜妻) was a well system to maintain the national development and political expansion. It is learned that the enforcement of this system might have people settle down, multiply Hu’s descendants, integrate all forces and attract Han’s nobles with etiquette culture. Moreover, the bestowed wives were as rewards to the meritorious ministers and as a diplomatic privilege to the Hu family. With the national expansion to the south, Tuba advocated a ＂chyan chi suei shian yeou tzyy, how syh jy chi tzyy jie cherng dyi＂(前妻雖 先有子，後賜之妻子皆承嫡) regulation of this system to control the surrenders of South Han and integrate the Han with the Tuba regime system. Furthermore, it jointed the social structures of Hu and Han. Overall, Tuba’s bestowed wife system maintained the political development and established a new social relationship.

並列關鍵字

Tuba regime ； marriage ； bestowed wife ； cherng dyi ； shang gong juu

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