臺灣泰雅族巨人哈魯斯故事試論

〈巨人哈魯斯〉的故事普遍流傳於泰雅族各部落，故事裡有四個重要情節：（一）巨人有大陽物。（二）陽物在河水暴漲時可以為橋渡人，女人可過，男人無法通過。（三）巨人貪吃，吃光了山裡的野獸。（四）巨人好色，調戲欺負部落女性。本文即以這四個情節為探討點，分析其背後所呈現的文化意涵。首先，〈巨人哈魯斯〉故事中族人對巨人的恐懼與憂慮主要來自「好吃」與「好色」，正與泰雅族和外界部族交往的過程中所呈現的族群關係有相合之處。因此這個故事應該負載著泰雅族人對於既利於族群、又危害獵場及部族女性的異族的想像與焦慮。其次，異族的入侵造成部落生活形態的轉變，動搖了泰雅男性的地位。相對於女性而言，卻是她們開啟新視界及跨入文明社會的契機。此種男女有別的立場，也許正是巨人哈魯斯兼具正、反形象的原因。最後，日治時期所採故事大致都具有上述四個情節，且情節敘述詳細。近期採錄所得則情節趨於簡化，受訪者多以涉及「性話題」為由而不願正面敘述。可見故事因時代不同，負載的文化層面也隨之相異。

關鍵字

泰雅族民間故事；巨人哈魯斯；陽物為橋渡人

並列摘要

The story of Giant Halusu is popular among the tribes of Atayal. The story has four main scenarios: (1)The giant has a huge penis; (2)His penis can be a bridge for people to cross rivers, but only women can pass on it.(3)The giant is gluttonous. He ate up all the beasts in the mountain; (4)The giant lascivious. He flirts women in the tribes. This article probes into the four scenarios, analyzing the culture connotation behind them First, the dread and worry the tribes feel about the giant are mainly his ”gluttoning” and ”Iascivity”, which have some coincidence with the tribal relationship between Atayal and outside tribes. Therefore, the story bears Atayal's imagination and anxiety to those outside tribes who are in favor of itself but also be harmful to its hunting ground and its women. Second, the invasion of outside tribes changed its lifestyle and weakened the status of its men. But for women, it is an opportunity for them to open eyes and stride into civilized society. The different positions for men and women are just the reason that the giant has both positive and negative features. Finally, the stories in Japan-ruled period almost all bear the above four scenarios and detailed depiction, while the recent stories have simpler scenarios and have no direct depiction because ”it refers to sex”. It is obvious that the culture features of stories vary according to time.

並列關鍵字

Atayal folktale ； giant Halusu ； penis as a bridge for people to cross rivers

國際替代計量

臺灣泰雅族巨人哈魯斯故事試論

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