This article aims at providing a retrospection of the field of Taiwan studies in the Mainland China from three perspectives. First, an overview of the field of Taiwan studies in the Mainland China since 1980 will be presented with some statistics derived from catalogues published in recent years. Second, reviews of the Mainland scholars' studies on certain subjects, such as the history, the economy, and the agriculture of Taiwan, covering a long period of time will be discussed. And thirdly, the agriculture of Taiwan will be taken as an example for illustrating major issues most recently concerned by the Mainland scholars. These concerns of the Mainland scholars may provide useful insights for experts of agricultural sciences, practitioners of agricultural enterprises, and decision-makers of agricultural policies in Taiwan for making a greater effort to keep the leading role of Taiwan's agriculture at present and in the future under the circumstances of unavoidable competition and cooperation across the Straits.