- 期刊
加拿大第一民族土地爭議解決機制之探討
Mechanism for Resolving Indigenous Territorial Disputes in Canada
摘要
土地是加拿大第一民族和政府間的爭議主題之一，為了處理這些爭議，加拿大發展出不同類型的方式，本文及介紹其中三種主要的機制，包括：通盤主張程序、特殊主張程序及司法程序。透過這些程序，加拿大成功處理的相當多的第一民族土地爭議，但是，制度的缺陷，爭議的複雜，程序的冗長，以及許多其他因素，導致這些機制都有其受到詬病之處，以讓許多原住民認為應該要加以改善。台灣原住民族的土地問題和加拿大有相同之處，也有相異之處，但加拿大處理原住民族土地爭議的方法，有許多可資借鏡。台灣目前正依據原住民族基本法所揭示的原則，嘗試建構回復原住民族土地權的制度，本文也從加拿大的經驗，對於未來制度的建構提出一些建議。
並列摘要
Land claims have always been the contentious issue between the First Nations and the Canadian government. Through the negotiation processes, they developed various ways to address concerns raised by aboriginal peoples, governments, and third parties. This paper focuses on the following three major mechanisms: comprehensive land claims process, specific land claims process, and the judicial process. The process of negotiating has successfully dealt with the settlement of aboriginal land claims. Nevertheless, the institutional defects, the complexity of controversy, the tedious procedures, and many other internal and external factors have brought about a number of complains and criticisms to these land claims settlements.Taiwanese Indigenous Peoples have faced similar situation in dealing land claims with the government of Taiwan. Canadian experiences might be an appropriate lesson for the indigenous groups and governments in Taiwan. In the meantime, Taiwan attempt to construct and reorganize the indigenous land tenures based on the principles enshrined in the legal framework of Indigenous Peoples Basic Law. For that, this paper will also propose a number of recommendations drawn upon the experiences of Canadian governments.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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