Paratexts are texts that are parts of a larger text, of the main text. The Preface and Index of a published book are paratexts, as are its dust jacket summaries and book reviews which are, of course, contributed by editors, publishers, and reviewers rather than by the primary author of the text. Paratexts are thus closely related to but still distinct from the main text. Patent application documents also fill a space that is outside the main text, a paratextual space filled with the names of new inventions and of their inventors, abstracts, descriptions of the new invention, bibliographic data, claims, and drawings. Despite minor differences in the formats used by various patent offices, patent applications contain a standard list of items, the most critical of which is a detailed description of the invention and what it claims to be able to do. This study examines the complexity of patent texts by analyzing paratexts and patent translation contexts, and exploring the ways in which titles, abstracts, and descriptions of patent applications are correlated with each other and with the main texts.
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