大陸交換生在臺的學習動機及適應問題之研究：以中興大學為例

A Study on Learning Motivation and Adjustment Problems of Mainland Exchange Students in National Chung Hsing University

譚柳(Liu Tan) ； 蔡文榮(Wenrong Tsay)

《國立臺中科技大學通識教育學報》 5期 (2016/12) Pp. 139-176

https://doi.org/10.7052/JGE.201612_(5).0006

摘要

近年來，海峽兩岸高等教育互動頻繁，成果顯著。僅2002年至2016年，十五年時間裡，大陸赴臺短期研修生數量增長近94倍。赴臺大陸學生為臺灣高等教育注入了一股新鮮活力，成為活躍於兩岸間的一個非常重要的青年群體，對兩岸文化的交流與發展具有重要意義。然而，由於兩岸經濟、文化等各方面的差異，在臺求學的大陸交換生也面臨異地求學的各類適應問題，這值得政府及社會各界關注。本研究以2016年秋季學期在臺灣中興大學交換的四名大學生為研究對象，通過深度訪談、參與式觀察及文件分析等研究方法，對研究對象進行為期四個月的資料收集，探討其赴臺學習動機與面臨的適應性問題。研究結果發現，在臺大陸交換生的學習動機主要為獲取優秀教育資源，促進自我發展。交換過程中，他們面臨學習方式、生活方式、人際關係三方面的適應問題，其中，人際關係的適應問題最為顯著，且人際關係的適應程度較大影響學習方式、生活方式的適應程度。研究進一步發現，通過情緒、工具、資訊、評價四大支援系統的支援，整體而言，大陸交換生在中興大學的適應狀況較好。最後，本研究為解決大陸交換生在人際關係方面的適應問題，提出增設學伴、優化導師制度、各系（所）助教加強與大陸交換生的聯繫等三點建議。

關鍵字

大陸交換生 ； 學習動機 ； 適應問題 ； 深度訪談 ； 參與式觀察

並列摘要

In recent years, the higher education interaction between Taiwan and Mainland China has become more frequent, and resulted in remarkable achievements. During the period from 2002 to 2016, the number of short-term trainees from mainland to Taiwan had increased almost more than 94 times. Students who come from Mainland China to Taiwan for further study has injected vitality into Taiwan’s higher education system. And those students have become a very active and important youth group between two sides. They have great significance for cross-strait cultural exchange and development. However, because of the differences in cross-strait economic, culture and other aspects, the mainland exchange students who study in Taiwan face many adjustment problems, which is worthy of government and society’s concern. This study was implemented at National Chung Hsing University (NCHU) during the fall semester in 2016, and invited four exchange undergraduate students as samples. A qualitative approach including in-depth interview, participant observation, and document analysis is employed in this study. This study found that learning motivation of mainland exchange students in Taiwan mainly included obtaining excellent education resources and promoting self-development. During the period of exchange, adjustment problems they faced were mainly in three aspects: learning methods, life style, and interpersonal relationship. Furthermore, the most significant problem was interpersonal relationship, and the extent of interpersonal relationship issue strongly affected their learning methods and life style. The study also showed that with the help of four support systems: emotional system, instrumental system, information system and appraisal system, the mainland exchange students at NCHU had good adaptation in general. In the end, in order to solve interpersonal adjustment problem, three suggestions were provided, in terms of establishing the buddy system, optimizing the departmental mentor or advisor system, strengthening ties between departmental secretaries and exchange students.

並列關鍵字

mainland exchange students ； learning motivation ； adjustment problems ； in-depth interview ； participant observation

參考文獻

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