某醫學中心醫護人員工作中尖銳物扎傷與相關因素之初步探討

A Preliminary Study of Needlestick and Sharps Injuriesin Doctors and Nurses at a Medical Center in Taiwan

黃嗣棻(Szu-Fen Huang) ； 蘇喜(Syi Su) ； 戴玉慈(Yu-Tzu Dai)

《護理暨健康照護研究》 8卷2期 (2012/06) Pp. 117-127

https://doi.org/10.6225/JNHR.08.2.117

摘要

背景：尖銳物扎傷是醫療工作人員最主要的職業傷害，呈現了機構中工作安全及教育、管理是否完善的情況，亦是職場安全的重要議題。目的：瞭解醫護人員在工作中被尖銳物扎傷之情形與相關因素。方法：本研究採橫斷式調查法，研究對象為某醫學中心第一線醫護人員，問卷回收906份（回收率73.5%）。內容包括個人基本特質、尖銳物扎傷情況、通報情況、對尖銳物扎傷的知識及態度。以t檢定、ANOVA檢定、皮爾森相關及多變項對數迴歸分析進行資料統計分析。結果：45.4%醫護人員最近一年曾有工作中被尖銳物扎傷的經驗，向院方通報率為62.3%。尖銳物扎傷重要的預測因子為「教育程度」及「整體態度」，教育程度為大學者發生尖銳物扎傷的勝算比是教育程度為研究所以上的2.65倍；汙染性扎傷重要的預測因子為「職稱」、「科別」及「整體態度」，醫師發生污染性尖銳物扎傷的勝算比是護理人員的2.30倍，手術室人員發生污染尖銳物扎傷的勝算比是加護病房的3.90倍。結論／實務應用：研究發現醫師、外科系、手術室及年輕資淺同仁是尖銳物扎傷的高危險群，可做為日後擬定提升工作安全政策之參考。

關鍵字

針扎 ； 尖銳物扎傷 ； 職業安全 ； 醫護人員

並列摘要

Background: Needlestick and sharps injuries (NSI) are a major occupational hazard for healthcare workers. It is important to discuss how to improve the working environment, occupational education and management protocols to reduce NSI incidences.Purpose: The aim of this study was to understand NSI, incidence rates and associated factors among doctors and nurses.Methods: We enrolled 906 subjects in this cross-sectional survey (response rate: 73.5%). Two sample t tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze data.Results: Nearly half (45.4%) of the subjects reported experiencing one or more NSI during the previous one-year period, with 62.3% of these NSI events reported to superiors. We identified education level and attitude score as significant predictive factors of NSI. Logistic regression indicated an odds ratio for NSI of 2.65 (95% C.I. = 1.106–6.330) between those with a bachelor's and those with a master's or higher degree. Significant predictive factors in contaminated NSIs were professional title, department and overall attitude. We found an NSI odds ratio of 2.30 (95% C.I.=1.127-4.704) between doctors and nurses and 3.90 (95% C.I.=1.682-9.017) between subjects working in operation rooms and those working in intensive care units.Conclusions / Implications for practice: The highest NSI risk groups were doctors, those working in operation rooms, and less experienced junior staff. Study findings may provide information for improving hospital safety policies.

並列關鍵字

needlestick ； sharps injuries ； occupational safety ； doctors and nurses

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