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不同跳躍訓練方向的增強式訓練對於運動員下肢跳躍能力與敏捷性的效果

Comparison of Different Jumping Direction of Plyometric Training on Lower Limbs Jumping Ability and Agility for Collegiate Athletes

摘要


背景:增強式訓練(Plyometrics)是指運動時肌肉透過預先伸展的離心收縮,再產生快速而強力的向心收縮的肌肉訓練型態,以招募更多的動作單元收縮,進而促進運動表現。然而增強式訓練依動作的方向性又可區分為前後方向、左右方向以及垂直方向,但是不同訓練方向的效果並未被驗證。目的:本研究之目的是比較不同方向的增強式訓練對大學運動選手下肢跳躍能力與敏捷性的影響。方法:共有24位大學籃球及排球運動員參與,隨機分派分成三組(控制組、前後與垂直向訓練組、左右與垂直向訓練組),以增強式訓練的方式進行5週的訓練,在訓練前後進行測驗垂直跳高度、立定跳遠、敏捷測試、著地起跳反應時間、及身體素質評估,以重複量測二因子變異數分析進行統計分析。結果:三個組別之間的垂直跳高度、立定跳遠、敏捷測試、著地起跳反應時間之交互作用均未達顯著水準(p > .05)。結論:無論前後向或左右向的增強式訓練其訓練效果類似。

並列摘要


Background and Purpose: Plyometrics are defined as short, explosive movements activating the stretch-shortening cycle to develop eccentric strength, elasticity, and explosiveness. According to movement patterns and jumping direction of plyometrics, it can be divided into vertical, mediallateral, anterior-posterior direction. However, the effect of different training directions has not been verified. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect which jumping direction of plyometrics would enhance the lower limbs jumping ability and agility. Methods: A total of 24 college basketball and volleyball players participated and were randomly assigned to three groups (control group, anterior-posterior plus vertical plyometrics training groups, medial-lateral plus vertical plyometrics training groups) for 5 weeks-training. Before and after 5 weeks-training, the test of vertical jump height and standing long jump, hexagon agility test, landing take-off reaction time, and body composition assessment were being executed. A repeated measurement of two-factor analysis of variance analysis was used for statistical analysis. Results: The results were shown that no significant interaction different was found in all measured variables (p > .05). Conclusion: No matter which jumping direction of plyometric training, the training effect is similar.

參考文獻


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