無為任化即帝王：〈人間世〉與〈應帝王〉倫理觀的迴環辯證

A Loop Debate between the Ethical Perspectives of ＂Man in the World＂ and ＂The Normal Course for Rulers and Kings＂

潘君茂(Pan, Chun-Mao)

《嘉大中文學報》 15期 (2022/03) Pp. 81-98

摘要

以往在理解《莊子》〈人間世〉與〈應帝王〉兩篇文章時，總是將其義理分別作處世之理與治世之理，前者以個人主體的超脫為主，而後者則透過政治層面的闡述，呈現《莊》書中的政治態度。然而，這樣的分疏一則無法有效統合《莊子》思想的內部脈絡，二則無法扣緊篇章之間的理論關聯。於此，本文藉以「倫理觀」的探討，嘗試連結二篇之間的內在思路，予以突出《莊子》內聖外王的一體兩面之理論特殊性，同時也展開兩篇文獻中倫理觀的辯證思維關係。

關鍵字

〈人間世〉 ； 〈應帝王〉 ； 倫理觀 ； 內聖外王

並列摘要

When interpreting Zhuangzi's ＂Man in the World＂ and ＂The Normal Course for Rulers and Kings＂ in the past, they were always distinguished as the theory of conducting the world and the theory of ruling the world. The former focuses on the transcendence of an individual, while the latter presents the political attitudes in ＂Zhuangzi＂ by elaborating on political aspects. However, such a division cannot effectively unify the internal context of thoughts in ＂Zhuangzi＂, and fails to hold the theoretical connections between chapters. Accordingly, this study attempts to link the inner thoughts between the two chapters through the discussion of ＂ethics＂. This paper highlights the particularity of the theory of neisheng waiwang (a sage in the inner sphere, a king in the outer sphere) in ＂Zhuangzi＂, and develops the dialectical thinking relationship between the ethics of the two chapters.

並列關鍵字

Zhuangzi ； the Ethicas ； Neisheng-Waiwang