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臺灣兒童於1997至2007年智能進步狀況分析:弗林效應之探討

Increased IQ for Taiwanese Children from 1997 to 2007: Flynn Effect Investigated

Abstracts


本研究目的在探討臺灣兒童於近10年間智能進步狀況。根據121位6至16歲兒童在魏氏兒童智力量表第三與第四版本的表現,經對抗平衡法研究設計後發現,全量表智商之組平均相差1.23分。然而,由於此二版本在全量表智商之組成上只有五個共同分測驗,故研究者進一步分析此組兒童在組成魏氏兒童智力量表第三版全量表智商十個分測驗於1997至2007年之可能進步情況。結果發現,當將測驗內容控制為一致之情況下,臺灣兒童全量表智商間隔10.5年共進步2.50分,平均1年進步0.24智商分數。此結果比弗林效應假設每年進步0.3分略低,但與近年北歐已開發國家智力進步有減緩趨勢之發現相符合。此外,臺灣兒童近10年來在視覺符號快速比對搜尋以及非語文流體推理能力進步相對最多,但10-16歲青少年對社會知識規範之理解幾乎無進步,且6-12歲兒童在一般常識廣度的表現更是不進反退,此一現象值得重視與討論。

Parallel abstracts


The purpose of this study was to investigate the increase in IQ for Taiwanese children over the past 10 years. WISC-III and WISC-IV scores were collected following a counter-balanced design, based on a sample of 121 children aged 6 to 16 years old. The comparison between the WISC-IV and the WISC-III showed a mean difference of 1.23 FSIQ points. However, only five subtests were shared between WISC-III and WISC-IV full IQs. To partial out possible variations due to content differences, we estimated the increase in IQ based on the 10 core subtests of the WISC-III. Increased IQs over the intervening 10.5 years were 2.5 points, yielding an estimated growth of 0.24 IQ points per year. While America and other developing countries were still reporting an increased rate of 0.30 IQ points per year, increased IQ for Taiwanese children seemed slower than what the Flynn effect would have indicated. Current findings have matched recent reports from Scandinavian nations that the increase in IQ is slowing. Finally, Taiwanese children showed, comparatively, the largest gain on visual symbol search and nonverbal fluid reasoning abilities. However, Taiwanese children aged 10 to 16 showed no improvement in social and ethical reasoning, and those aged 6-12 showed a salient decline in the breadth of basic information. Possible hypotheses were discussed.

Parallel keywords

Flynn effect IQ change WISC-III WISC-IV

References


內政部(2010)。內政統計年報。2010年4月9日,取自 http://www.moi.gov.tw/stat 【Ministry of the Interior. (2010). Statistical yearbook of interior. Retrieved April 9, 2010, from http://www.moi.gov.tw/stat】
行政院(2010)。政府統計。2010年4月9日,取自 http://www.dgbas.gov.tw 【Executive Yuan. (2010). National statistics. Retrieved April 9, 2010, from http://www.dgbas.gov.tw】
李琪明()。,未出版。
李琪明(2008)。國中小品德校園文化營造實徵研究。師大學報:教育類。53(3),153-178。
李琪明(2009)。臺灣品德教育之反思與前瞻。學生輔導季刊。107,6-20。

Cited by


莊麗頤(2012)。提早入學資優生智力、學業表現及資優特質之追蹤研究—以新竹縣市為例〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-1610201315265258

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