地區剝奪與父母親社經地位對台灣新移民女性子女健康之影響

Effects of Area Deprivation and Parents Socioeconomic Position on New Female Immigrant Children Health Status

梁亞文(Yia-Wun Liang) ； 陳文意(Wen-Yi Chen) ； 李卓倫(Jwo-Leun Lee) ； 龍紀萱(Chi-Hsuan Lung) ； 林育秀(Yu-Hsiu Lin)

《醫護科技期刊》 12卷2期 (2010/06) Pp. 82-95

https://doi.org/10.6563/TJHS.2010.12(2).2

摘要

目的：探討地區剝奪、父母親社經地位對新移民女性子女健康之影響。方法：以「92年外籍與大陸配偶生活狀況調查」資料庫與林慧淳台灣地區剝奪指標進行分析。以邏輯斯迴歸進行分析，並計算邊際效果。結果：已生育新移民女性99,594人，共生育147,784名子女，子女爲發展遲緩者佔0.08%、身心障礙者佔0.16%、重大傷病者佔0.12%。多變項迴歸顯示父親教育程度（高中以上vs.國中以下：O.R.=1342, 95% C.I.=1.109-1.624, M.E.=0.09%）、健康狀況（非身心障礙vs.身心障礙：O.R.=1412, 95% C.I.=1.087-1.835, M.E.=0.122%）、收入（非低收入戶vs.低收入戶：O.R.=2.784, 95% C.I.=1.988-3.900, M.E.=0.053%）、父、母親工作狀況（有工作vs.無工作：O.R.=1.861、1.497, 95% C.I.=1.407-2.461、1.220-1.839, M.E.=0.250%、0.005%）、母親在台時間（居住滿4年vs.未滿4年：O.R.=0.590, 95% C.I.=0.476-0.732, M.E.=-0.157%）及地區剝奪程度（低vs.高：O.R.=0.737, 95% C.I.=0.563-0.965, M.E.=-0.103%)，顯著影響子女健康。結論：新移民女性國籍未顯著影響子女健康，地區剝奪之影響則不及父母親社經地位。衛生主管機關制定婚姻移民者相關醫療政策時，應加強對本國籍男性之重視及醫療優生保健的落實，將資源投注在新移民女性家庭，其成效可能較從區域層次的作法更爲有效。

關鍵字

地區剝奪 ； 社經地位 ； 新移民女性 ； 子女健康

並列摘要

Objectives: The study examined the effects of area deprivation and parental socioeconomic position on the health of children born to transnational married couples residing in Taiwan. Methods: This study used secondary cross-sectional survey data from the 2003 ”The Survey on the Living Status of Immigrant Women” administered by the Ministry of the Interior. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios for the independent association between parental characteristics and child health. Additionally, the transformation of logistic models was used to determine the marginal effects of the independent variables. Results: This investigation analyzed 99,594 new female immigrants and children of 147,784 new female immigrants, with the mean age of these children being 3.48. Approximately 0.08%, 0.16%, and 0.12% of children of new female immigrants were considered mentally retarded, disabled, and to be suffering catastrophic illness, respectively. Controlling for other maternal characteristics and socioeconomic factors, paternal job situation (employed versus unemployed: O.R.=1.861, 95% C.I.=1.407-2.461, M.E.=0.250%), paternal educational level (higher than senior high-school or above versus lower than senior high-school: O.R.=1.342, 95% C.I.=1.109-1.624, M.E.=0.09%), paternal health status (non-disabled versus disabled: O.R.=1.412, 95% C.I.=1.087-1.835, M.E.=0.122%), and paternal income level (medium to high income household versus low-income household: O.R.=2.784, 95% C.I.=1.988-3.900, M.E.=0.053%), maternal job (employed versus unemployed: O.R.=1.497, 95% C.I.=1.220-1.839, M.E.=0.005%), maternal duration of residence in Taiwan (≥4 years versus ＜4 years: O.R.=0.590, 95% C.I.=0.476-0.732, M.E.=-0.157%), and deprivation residential area (prosperous versus deprived: O.R.=0.737, 95% C.I.=0.563-0.965, M.E.=-0.103%) were significant predictors of child health. Conclusions: Maternal foreign nationality was not found to be significantly associated with child health status. However, family socioeconomic position, parental health status, and level of deprivation of residential area were found to determine the health status of children born to transnational couples. Policies focusing on optimizing these determinants, particularly directing resources to transnational married families, could benefit the health of a large portion of Taiwanese children.

並列關鍵字

Area deprivation ； socioeconomic position ； new female immigrant ； health outcome

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