- 期刊
太宰治『ヴィヨンの妻』論―時代背景と語りの方法をめぐって―
"Villon's Wife" of Dazaiosamu Historical Background and Narrative Method
摘要
『ヴィヨンの妻』（『展望』1947年3月）は、敗戦直後、太宰治が疎開先の青森の実家から東京に戻り創作発表した作品である。井伏鱒二は、この作品に敗戦後の日本に対する太宰の考え方が含まれていると説明している。敗戦後、東京にアメリカ軍が進駐し、GHQの占領下になり、世相が大きく変った。政治、法律、社会制度などに様々な改革があり、庶民の生活にも大きな影響を与えた。『ヴィヨンの妻』は一見、「私」の語りを中心に構成された一人称語りの小説のように見えるが、実はそうではない。もっとも顕著な箇所は、「私」と会話し、「私」の視線を通して描き出された「椿屋」の亭主の長い述懐である。それを「私」の語りとして見ては不自然さがある。こうした単純な一人称語りではないことが、この作品の大きな特色と言えよう。本論では、まず、戦後間もないという時代背景を視野に入れ、次に「私」の語りに注目し、それから「椿屋」の亭主の発言を分析して、最後に『ヴィヨンの妻』における戦後社会の「変」と「不変」に言及し、この作品の意味を考えたいと思う。
並列摘要
”Villon's Wife” (Tenbou, March 1947) was Dazaiosamu's second writing since he'd been back to Tokyo from his hometown Aomori County which was his shelter during the war. After losing the war, the GHQ of US army had moved into Tokyo and implemented lots policies. It had made many new changes in social system and affected life of the public a lot which has been causing some changes and unchanged. Under such background, we could get some points of view from the writer of the situations after Japan losing the war.At first glance at Villon's Wife, it was written in the first female person but it wasn't the fact. Look at the conversations of 'I' and the boss of Tsubakiya; although the speech of Tsubakiya's boss was described through 'my view', it was unnatural in conversation to make such a long talk. And it was found that the information from the conversations of 'I' and the boss of Tsubakiya were complemented to each other. As a result, this dissertation will be emphasized at the analyses on conversations of 'I' and the meaning of talks of the boss of Tsubakiya as well. By this way, it will make the meaning of the talks of 'I' clearer.In this dissertation, it will be discussed the meaning of writing in incomplete first person and through it to understand the changing and unchanged parts of society after losing the war. And we want to know the meaning of ”Villon's Wife” at the very first stage after losing the war.