回首來時路：台灣愛滋防治工作三十年整理與回顧

In Retrospect: A Review of Three Decades of AIDS Prevention in Taiwan

高心藝(Xin-Yi Gao) ； 郭洪國雄(Kuo-Hsiung Kuo-Hung)

《性學研究》 4卷2期 (2013/07) Pp. 55-74

https://doi.org/10.6206/SIS.2013.0402.03

摘要

愛滋病防治工作是目前全球最關注的重要議題之一，它與人類的健康有著密切的重要關係，而目前亞洲已成為僅次於非洲國家，愛滋病毒感染人口增長最快的地區，台灣位於亞洲島鏈中的樞紐位置，不可避免地亦會受到相當的影響。本文主要是藉由一則新聞案例的分享，並透過相關文獻資料與統計數據的分析，藉由三個研究問題的討論，進一步瞭解台灣三十年來在愛滋防治工作上的推展，問題包含：三十年來愛滋病感染者人數的變化、愛滋防治工作觀念與行動的改變，以及愛滋防治政策的內容是否與時俱進。其結論與建議有三點：一、我國三十年來愛滋感染者的總人數並未因防治工作的推展而有所遞減，但在人數新增個案年成長率可達到有效控制，惟需要注意感染者年齡層部分，有逐漸年輕化的趨勢，需有效控制疫情，才能避免影響國家生產力及根本。二、我國這三十年來的愛滋防治工作在觀念與行動上，包含愛滋感染者本身以及一般社會大眾，分別在醫療求助及個人權益部分、性行為及使用保險套認知部分對保險套使用的態度方面，及有關愛滋病正確認知部分有了明顯的進步，但在關懷與接納愛滋感染者，以及使用篩選方式的匿名性部分仍須加強宣導與教育，實施時應包括三種教育形式（家庭教育、學校教育與社會教育）與兩個主軸（一般社會大眾的觀念教育與高關懷群人員的觀念教育）。三、我國的愛滋防治政策在這三十年來仍是採取較為保守的態度及方式進行，雖然已受到立法重視，但在實際的推行層面上未能結合現實問題併同前進；另政策面的執行應結合目前愛滋感染者統計數據的現況，以及社會大眾在愛滋防治工作觀念與行動上的改變，多重考量、評估社會真正需要的防治策略為何，才能對症下藥，達到良好的防治工作成效。

關鍵字

愛滋病 ； 愛滋感染 ； 愛滋防治

並列摘要

AIDS prevention is one of the key issues that draw most global attention. Asia has now become the region with the fastest growing population with HIV/AIDS second to Africa. Taiwan, as part of the Asia Pacific Rim, cannot avoid its impact.Taiwan has a history of promoting AIDS prevention for three decades. This paper aims to understand the current state of prevention by discussing three questions based on data from relevant works and statistical analysis. The questions are how the number of people with AIDS has evolved and how the perception and action concerning AIDS prevention has changed over the three decades and whether the AIDS prevention policy has most current and relevant contents.The paper has concluded three suggestions:1. The total number of people with AIDS in Taiwan has not declined over the three decades despite the promoted prevention. However, the annual growth of new cases has been under effective control. The only thing that we should pay attention to is the trend that the number of young people among those with AIDS is increasing. Effective epidemic control is necessary to avoid impact on national productivity and cornerstone in Taiwan.2. There has been significant progress in the perception and action concerning AIDS prevention over the three decades, including people with AIDS and the public are more aware of seeking medical support, protecting personal interests, sexual behavior, condom use and attitude in this regard, and have a clear understanding of AIDS. However, further promotion and education remains necessary regarding care and acceptance of people with AIDS and anonymity in screening. Promotion and education should include three forms of education: family, school and social education, and two axes: awareness education for the public and high care groups.3. AIDS prevention policy in Taiwan has remained conservative over the three decades. Although having attracted legislative attention, it has failed to keep up with real-life problems in its actual implementation. Therefore, policy implementation should therefore take into account the current statistics of AIDS prevalence and changes in public conception and action regarding AIDS, and further evaluate truly necessary strategies for effective prevention.

並列關鍵字

AIDS ； AIDS Infection ； AIDS Prevention

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