Gender Differences in the Body Shape Preference and Body Satisfaction of Taiwanese Adolescents

臺灣青少年體型喜好與身體滿意度之性別差異研究

石明英(Ming-Ying Shih) ； 久保千春(Chiharu Kubo)

《教育與多元文化研究》 8期 (2013/05) Pp. 105-133

摘要

本研究是測驗203位男性及215位女性青少年間對身體體型的知覺及身體滿意度的差異性。受訪者完成一份身體意象問卷調查表，包括四個部分：一、人體測量學的資料；二、圖像評量表；三、體型的認知態度；四、對身體特徵的滿意度。女孩評量自己理想的體型圖及她們認為對男孩最有魅力的體型圖是顯著小於她們知覺自己現在的體型圖、自己在別人眼中體型圖及她們感覺到經常的體型圖，但男孩對各種體型圖的評量幾乎是一致的。女孩對各種體型圖間的差異是顯著大於男孩所評量的。男孩及女孩均誤判有關異性所喜好的體型圖，女孩評量對男孩最有魅力的女性圖是比男孩實際喜好的女性圖更為瘦小，而男孩所評量對女孩最有魅力的男性圖是較女孩喜好的男性圖更為壯碩；男孩高估及女孩低估對異性最有魅力的體型。女孩自認自己的體型是胖的比率顯著高於男孩，而男孩自認自己體型是中間型的比率顯著高於女孩。此外，多數的女孩比男孩對自己的身體感到不滿意及想要減輕體重，而多數男孩則比女孩對自己的身體感到滿意及想要維持現狀來呈現其理想的體型。另外，對自己顏面感到滿意的女孩人數顯著高於男孩的人數，但對自己的手臂、胸部及腹部感到滿意的男孩人數則顯著高於女孩。另外，女孩對自己的大腿及臀部、小腿、手掌、手臂感到不滿意的人數則顯著高於男孩。

關鍵字

身體部分 ； 身體意象 ； 身體滿意度 ； 臺灣青少年

並列摘要

This study examined differences in measures of perception of body shape and body satisfaction among 203 male and 215 female adolescents. The students completed a body image questionnaire comprised of four parts: 1. anthropometric data; 2. figure rating scale; 3. cognitive attitude toward body size; 4. subject satisfaction with body characteristics. The girls rated the ideal figure and the figure they thought most attractive to boys significantly smaller than their perception of their current figure, the figure as others saw them, and the figure they felt most of the time, whereas the boys' body figure ratings were almost identical. The girls' discrepancies between body figure ratings were significantly larger than those of boys. Both boys and girls had misperceptions concerning the body figure preference of opposite sex. The female figure that girls rated as most attractive to boys was thinner than the figure that boys actually preferred. The boys' judgment of the male figure most attractive to girls was heavier than that reported by the girls. Boys overestimated and girls underestimated the body size attractive to the other sex. While girls reported their body shape as fat at a significantly higher rate than boys, the boys reported their body shape as in-between at a significantly higher rate than girls. Additionally, more girls than boys were dissatisfied with their body and wanted to lose weight, but more boys than girls were satisfied with their body and wanted to stay the same to present their ideal body shape. On the other hand, the number of girls satisfied with their face was significantly higher than that of boys, whereas the number of boys satisfied with their arms, chest, and stomach was significantly higher than girls. Additionally, the number of girls dissatisfied with their upper thigh and buttocks, legs, hands, and arms was significantly higher than boys.

並列關鍵字

body parts ； body image ； body satisfaction ； Taiwanese adolescent