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摘要


台灣被聯合國世界銀行評定為天然災害高風險區域,常常遭遇颱風、水災、地震及土石流威脅,甚至造成民眾生命財產的重大損失,因此政府投入大量人力物資進行災害防救工作。在防救災過程中,不論在災前預警避災、災中通報離災或者災後應變救災,常需要快速且準確的對特定區域或特定對象發出大量緊急訊息。本文之目的在探討如何利用各種訊息傳遞技術,以期能於防救災時快速且準確的傳遞大量訊息。借鏡歐美日等國在災害緊急訊息傳遞方面的經驗,在習知的訊息技術上,我們提出一些更貼近緊急訊息傳遞需求之新技術,包括低頻廣播、細胞廣播、適地性簡訊、適地性電話語音及網路協定電視(IPTV)等,透過分析不同訊息技術的特性以及不同緊急情境的需求,導入主動式防災雲的概念,建立一個適合於各種緊急通報情境之多元化緊急訊息傳遞架構。

並列摘要


Taiwan was ranked by World Bank as one of the highest-risk hazard areas exposed to multiple natural disasters such as cyclones, floods, earthquakes, and landslides causing tremendous mortality and economic losses. The government has been allocating a lot of efforts and resources on disaster prevention and preparedness as well as disaster recovery and reconstruction. In all the phases of disasters including pre-disaster prevention and warning, alerting and escaping, and post-disaster recovery and reconstruction, it is essential to be able to deliver a large amount of emergency messages to specific groups of people or people in specific areas without delay and with accuracy. The purpose of this paper is to explore how to exploit various message delivery technologies to swiftly and unerringly deliver a large amount of emergency messages in various phases and situations of disasters. With the examination of how emergency messages were delivered in United States, Europe and Japan in various disaster circumstances, we proposed some message delivery technologies pertinent to disaster emergency situations including low frequency broadcast services, cell broadcast services, location-based short message services, location-based telephony services and internet protocol TV(IPTV) services. Through the analysis of different characteristics of these message delivery technologies as well as different needs of various disaster emergency scenarios and applying the concept of proactive cloud-service-oriented disaster prevention and recovery, we constructed a multiple-mode emergency message delivery framework.

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