從假體上帝到機器奴役－一個物質主義的媒體考察

本文從Freud「假體上帝」的形象來探索新媒體時代的人／機關係。首先借道McLuhan 的媒體理論，探討科技作為人類「延伸」的命題，以及其科技決定論的觀點。接著連結當代媒體考古的取徑，聚焦科技本身的「媒介化」（mediation）角色，並闡述科技如何「成為媒體」（becoming-media）的意涵以及「非人的」（non-human）事物之能動性，進而論述人類本身就是假體的、與科技處於必然的共構關係。最後再依據此一共構關係，一方面論證當今行動裝置媒體時代，人類作為Freud 之「假體上帝」的精神分析樣貌；另一方面從注意力經濟的議題切入，探討當今社群媒體的模控系統如何翻轉以人為中心的人機關係，凸顯一種機器奴役的媒體分析。

關鍵字

假體上帝；媒介化；成為媒體；機器奴役

並列摘要

This article begins by examining the image of a prosthetic God first introduced by Freud, this being the human-centric cultural fantasy most appropriate to the new media era. By exploring numerous conceptual shifts alongside tools, media and machines, the essay stresses the importance of mediation in the relationships between human beings and media technologies. I first draw on the materialist approach of McLuhan to review the thesis of extension and the agency of media. The notion of ＂becoming-media＂ is then set out and used to develop the kind of ontological media analysis that emphasizes the co-constitution of media, human beings and their world. Finally, in the age of socalled digital enclosure, I discuss both the psychoanalytical implications of a prosthetic God and the cybernetic concept of machinic enslavement, to reveal how the human-centric relationship between humans and technologies is reversed.