雙簽制度下會計師產業專精及查核任期對商業銀行盈餘管理之影響

The Effects of Auditor Industry Specialization and Tenure on Earnings Management in Commercial Banking Industry under the Dual Attestation System

黃德芬(Der-Fen Huang) ； 陳秀婷(Hsiu-Ting Chen)

《會計審計論叢》 1卷1期 (2011/06) Pp. 25-60

https://doi.org/10.30142/RAAS.201106.0002

摘要

由於各國審計環境及法律規範不同，影響審計品質的因素亦有所差異。英美體系之上市公司查核報告係以事務所名義出具，故過去探討會計師產業專精及查核任期之相關研究，多數係以事務所為衡量觀點。我國上市櫃公司之財務報表須經由二位會計師查核簽證，並在查核報告上簽名共同負連帶保證責任，此即「雙簽制度」。針對國內特有的審計環境，本文以簽證會計師個人為衡量基礎，探討具銀行產業查核專精之會計師及其查核任期是否有助於抑制銀行盈餘管理，進而提升盈餘品質。由於銀行產業的特殊性，加以特有的諸多管制，使得銀行除了強調盈餘表現外，亦重視法規遵循。再者，銀行業的會計操弄項目與製造業不同，本文以裁量性壞帳絕對值衡量銀行的盈餘管理程度。實證結果顯示：第一位會計師之產業專精與裁量性壞帳絕對值呈顯著負相關，亦即第一位會計師具銀行產業審計專精有助於提升盈餘品質；另外，第二位會計師之任期與裁量性壞帳絕對值呈顯著負相關，亦即第二位會計師任期愈長有助於提升盈餘品質。最後，兩位會計師的合併效果顯示，產業專精有助於提升銀行的盈餘品質，而查核任期則與銀行的盈餘品質無關。

關鍵字

雙簽制度 ； 產業專精 ； 查核任期 ； 裁量性壞帳

並列摘要

The differences in international legal systems and audit environments affect audit quality. Many Anglo-American studies on audit industry specialization and tenure have mainly been conducted at the firm-level. Financial reporting of listed companies in Taiwan should be audited by two partners and they must sign their names on the audit report and be held equal legal liability. The purpose of dual attestation system is to enhance audit quality through bonding legal liability between two partners. Banking is a regulated industry thus it may amplify the need for auditor industry specialization. This study examines the effects of auditor industry specialization and tenure on earnings management surrogated by discretionary provision for commercial banks. Compared with previous studies, this study provides evidence at the individual-level because audit tasks are performed jointly by two partners. We find that the first partner who is a specialist and the second partner with longer tenure can enhance earnings quality effectively. Testing the joint effect of both partners, we find a positive association between auditor industry specialization and earnings quality, however, we do not find any significant association between auditor tenure and earnings quality.

並列關鍵字

Dual attestation system ； Industry specialization ； Audit tenure ； Discretionary provision

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