- 期刊
徐世昌〈二十四氣詩〉之觀物、寫境特徵
View and Description Features of Xu,Shi-Chang's "Twenty-Four Solar-Term Poems"
摘要
民初詩人總統徐世昌在《水竹邨人詩集》描述了許多歸隱田間後的閒適生活，其中一組於詩題下標明「此所以重農工」的〈二十四氣詩〉尤為特殊。中國歷來不乏農業詩，以節令物侯為題創作者也不少見，但是徐世昌這組創作，一詩寫一節氣，刻意專就二十四節氣創作的態度使截然不同於前人，因此擺脫傳統另闢新貌，展現俯仰天地，人與萬物和諧共榮的境界。徐世昌〈二十四氣詩〉以摹寫自然現實為構境之法，觀物之際胸中並無主觀意念掺雜以虛構創造，故能客觀又深刻地洞察時節變化，將相應於二十四節氣之物候和人文活動細微且貼切形容，寫出天地之間，萬物各安時序，順應消長的境界，而人身處其中也能隨物候轉換，一派自得、和樂。整組詩口吻客觀而冷靜，呈現人與自然、萬物和諧共榮的境界，雖平淡而有至味，看似客觀寫實而實亦寄托了徐世昌對人生的終極理想。
並列摘要
Xu, Shi-Chang, the president and poet in the early Republic of China, described his secluded leisure life a lot in the Anthology of Shuizhu Villager's Poems. Among the poetry anthology, the collection of ”Twenty-Four Solar-Term Poems” is especially particular. Over the years, China had no lack of agricultural poetry and creations oriented to solar terms were not rare. However, each solar term was represented by single poem in this collection, which was different from predecessors. This kind of creation manner broke free from the tradition and opened up whole new vistas.Xu, Shi-Chang portrayed nature reality in his ”Twenty-Four Solar-Term Poems” as a situating method and had insight into the changing of the seasons objectively and profoundly without subjective ideas. Phenology and human activities corresponding to the twenty-four solar terms were portrayed aptly. All things follow their usual pursuits and observe order, and people are contented, harmonious, and happy with phenological change. This collection of poems presents the state that people and nature both prosper with objective and calm expressions, which places Xu Shichang's ultimate ideal of life as well.