校園植栽與喬木根害情形之調查研究－以雲林縣鄰山鄉鎮各國小為例

The Investigation of Plants and Root Damage in Campus - A Study on the Neighboring Mountain Town of Elementary Schools in Yunlin County

胡子陵(Tzyy-Ling Hwu) ； 吳俊傑(Chun-Chieh Wu)

《康大學報》 1卷1期 (2011/12) Pp. 38-59

https://doi.org/10.7079/JUKN.201112.0038

摘要

本研究目的在瞭解校園植栽現況及喬木對舖面與建築結構引發之根害問題。研究採用實地調查法，統計各校植栽種類數、常見的植物、大型喬木植栽數量與密度、師生平均享有大型喬木數量、大型原生喬木植栽種類與數量比例、珍貴樹木數量、種植於舖面、植栽穴及花台上喬木破壞情形，並比較不同背景學校間差異。32所國小校園植種類共596種，喬木類193種，而胸徑大於10公分以上之大型喬木總計6712株，栽種於舖面上、植栽穴及花台內的棵數共949株，當中已對舖面及建築結構造成破壞者有652棵（約68.7%），共計45種，破壞數量最多的10種喬木分別為：黑板樹、樟樹、榕樹、美人樹、菩提樹、阿勃勒、芒果、大葉桃花心木、刺桐、小葉欖仁。對三種植穴型式的破壞率以種於舖面上最高，除榕樹未種植於舖面外，其餘九種對舖面破壞率皆達100%；對花台結構破壞則最低。再依植栽穴條件進行Spearman等級相關分析發現，有七種喬木的植栽穴面積大小對根害破壞程度皆達顯著水準且呈現負相關，建議校園應放寬植穴面積，避免根害情形之發生。

關鍵字

植栽 ； 喬木 ； 根害 ； 舖面

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to realize the situation of the planting and the problem of root damage on the pavement and structural caused by trees. The research methods based on field survey method, and statisticing the number of schools planting species, common plants, the number and density of large trees , the average number of large trees that teachers and students have, the number and proportion of largenative tree species, the number of precious trees in 32 campus, the destruction status of large trees on pavements, planting holes, and flower beds. Than compare background differences between schools. There are 596 species of plants investigated in all the schools, including 193 kinds of arbor. The number of large trees with more than 10 cm DBH is 6712. Large trees planted on the pavement, planting hole and the flower bed are 949, of which caused structural damage to pavement are 652(68.7%), with 45 species. The largest number of 10 species of trees that had caused damage are ＂Alstonia scholaris＂, ＂Cinnamomum camphora＂, ＂Ficus microcarpa＂, ＂Chorisia speciosa＂, Ficus religiosa, ＂Senna fistula＂, Mangifera indica, ＂Swietenia macrophylla＂, ＂Erythrina variegate＂, ＂Terminalia mantaly＂. The highest rate of destruction of the three planting hole type was planted on the pavement, nine kinds of damage rates were 100%, and the lowest type was planted in flower bed. By Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that seven kinds of trees get a negative correlation and reaches the remarkable standard. Therefore, schools should increase the planting hole size to avoid the occurrence of root damage.

並列關鍵字

plant ； tree ； root ； damage ； Pavement