幼兒體能課程設計之影響因素

目的：本研究目的在了解幼兒體能課程設計的影響因素。方法：本研究採質性研究法，以半結構式訪談13位幼兒體能專家教師、文件分析及參與觀察其中3位教師實際的教學行為。資料經持續整理、比較及分析。結果：發現幼兒體能課程設計的影響因素包括教師本身、幼兒、幼兒園及天候等。教師本身因素之內涵包括用心投入、研討、觀摩、引導策略、專業知識、教學經驗及觀察力等；幼兒因素之內涵包括幼兒條件、個別差異等；幼兒園因素之內涵包括班級人數、場地、器材、帶班教師及園長等；天候因素之內涵包括雨天及熱天等。結論：幼兒體能課程設計的影響因素包括內在及外在因素，內在影響因素是關於任課教師本身，外在影響因素是關於幼兒本身、幼兒園及天候等。本研究清楚呈現幼兒體能課程設計的影響因素，可提供幼兒體能師資培育的重要參考資料。

關鍵字

幼兒教育；專業教師；幼兒園

並列摘要

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the influential factors of curriculum design in preschool physical education (PE). Methods: Based on the qualitative method, thirteen expert teachers of preschool PE were interviewed by using semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and then actual teaching situation for three teachers was observed for six weeks by participation observation. All of information was rearranged, induced, compared, and analyzed. Results: The results of this study indicated that the influential factors of curriculum design included 'teachers per se', 'students', 'kindergarten', and 'weather. The 'teachers per se' included attentively commitment, discussion, exhibition and imitation, strategic of guidance, professional knowledge, teaching experience, and observation; The concepts of 'students' included their conditions and individual differences; 'kindergarten' included the play fields, equipment, the amount of class students, class teacher, and principal; 'weather' included a rainy day and a hot day. Conclusion: the influential factors of preschool PE curriculum design included internal and external factors. Internal factors refer to 'teachers per se'. External factors refer to 'students', 'kindergarten', and 'weather'. The results of this study showed clearly the influential factors of curriculum design in preschool PE those could offer important information to teacher education.