拉丁美洲對中國戰略地位之演變

中共建政後以「世界革命的中心」自居，認為拉丁美洲與中國有受帝國主義侵略之共同歷史遭遇；拉美地區的民族民主革命，是無產階級世界革命的重要組成部分。但由於國力有限，與地理位置相距遙遠之拉丁美洲實質關係有限。冷戰結束後，拉丁美洲對美國失去防堵共產主義擴張之戰略地位，但中拉關係開始快速發展。中國在2008年發布「中國對拉丁美洲和加勒比政策文件」，拉丁美洲對中國之重要性提升至區域性整體戰略層次。「中拉合作論壇」於2014年成立，成為中拉合作核心機制，中拉關係發展正進入新階段。中國現為拉丁美洲僅次於美國之第二大貿易夥伴國，對拉丁美洲之國外直接投資顯著提升，積極參與地區整合組織，中國並與拉美地區六個主要國家建立戰略合作夥伴關係。本文認為拉丁美洲對中國之戰略地位已脫離建政初期以意識形態為主範疇，現階段拉丁美洲對中國除具經濟戰略重要性外，亦涵蓋「一個中國」之政治外交戰略層面。

關鍵字

拉丁美洲；中拉關係；中拉合作論壇；拉美戰略地位；一個中國

並列摘要

After its establishment, the PRC saw itself as ＂Center of World Revolution＂, shared with Latin America’s history of invasion by imperialism, and consisted of the important part of the proletarian world revolution, together with nationalist revolution in Latin America. However, because of its limited power and geographic aloofness, China could hardly develop significant relations with Latin America. Since the end of the Cold War, Latin America lost its strategic position for containing communist expansion, but began to develop relations with the PRC. In 2008, China released the ＂Policy Paper on Latin America and the Caribbean,＂ and upgraded it relations with Latin America to the regional strategic level. In 2014, the establishment of ＂China-ECLAC Forum＂ becomes central mechanism of cooperation between China and Latin America, and the relations transform into a new stage. Currently, China is Latin America’s second largest trade partner after the U.S.. China invests to Latin American is increasing evidently, participates regional integration actively, and establishes strategic cooperation partnerships with six principal countries in the region. This paper finds that Latin America’s strategic value to China has gone beyond the ideology. In addition to the economic importance, Latin America also serves Beijing’s diplomatic interest of ＂One China＂ policy.

並列關鍵字

Latin America ； Sino-Latin Relationship ； China-ECLAC Forum ； Latin America Strategic Importance ； One China

國際替代計量

拉丁美洲對中國戰略地位之演變

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