臺灣醫療爭議之省思與對策

A Review and Possible Solution on Medical Care Problems in Taiwan

吳秀玲(Shu-Ling Wu)

《社科法政論叢》 2期 (2014/03) Pp. 1-38

https://doi.org/10.6268/RSSLP.2014.2.1

摘要

科技的進步，一日千里，醫學的研究發展，更是日新月異，妥適的醫療行為，足以維護民眾健康，延長人類壽命。然醫療行為具有不確定性，先端醫療科技或新藥，蘊含無法預測的危險，療效與預期有顯著的落差，甚至產生嚴重的後遺症。醫師專業上的疏失、未履行業務上主要或附隨的法定義務，使病患蒙受傷害，皆屬醫病間的訴訟之源。臺灣的醫療環境，由於醫學領域分科過細及醫療行為商業化，醫病的疏離造成信賴關係淡薄，醫師尊嚴失落，醫療糾紛案件逐年增加，並衍生過度的防禦性醫療，造成醫療浪費和損及病人權益。本文認為，醫療糾紛訴訟曠日廢時，常有高偵查、低起訴與低定罪情況，耗費司法資源，為確保人民的健康及醫療權益，政府負有妥當因應的作為義務：應積極提升醫療服務品質，保障病人就醫安全；改進醫療鑑定制度、發揮醫療專業法庭功能、培育跨域專業人才、加強倫理教育，並儘速建立醫療糾紛處理機制，緩和醫病關係之對立，提供及時補償之便捷管道，減少醫療糾紛之訟源，並使醫療糾紛責任合理化。

關鍵字

醫療糾紛 ； 醫療鑑定 ； 醫療事故補償 ； 說明義務

並列摘要

Humanity has made tremendous progress in science and technology, and the research in medical field brings about new changes. The proper medical practice maintains people's health and makes the life expectancy extended. However, medical practice is possessed of the uncertainty, so that advanced medical technology or new medicine contains the unpredictable danger. The huge gap between the effect and expectation even causes the serious sequel. Doctors' negligence in professional practice and the non-fulfillment of the main or legal obligation will hurt patients, which leads to the sources of the lawsuit between patient-physician relationships.Because of the detailed division in medical field and the commercialization of the medical practice, the estrangement between patient-physician relationships makes the loss of doctors' dignity, and the disputes in medical practice increase gradually. It results in the excessive defensive medical practice and causes the waste of medical resources and does harm to the patients' rights. This article considers that the lawsuit between patient-physician takes much time, and it often occurs high-detection and low-prosecution or low-conviction, which waste a collection of judicial resources. In order to protect people's health and their medical rights, the government should be obligated to react to these situations, such as positively rising up the quality of medical service, insuring the patients' medical security, improving the system of medical evaluation, exerting the function of the medical court, training the human resources in professional interdisciplinary, reinforcing the ethic education, and building the handling system of the medical disputes, alleviating the opposition between the patient-physician relationships, providing the convenient compensative access, reducing the causes of the medical lawsuit, and finally making the duties of medical disputes more rational.

並列關鍵字

medical disputes ； medical evaluation ； compensation of medical incident ； informing obligation