- 期刊
論脆弱感與脆弱性：Brené Brown與Martha Nussbaum的立場及其哲學實踐的意涵
On Vulnerability and Fragility: Brené Brown's and Martha Nussbaum's Standpoints and their Contribution to Philosophical Practice
摘要
哲學實踐若要對脆弱課題有更為完善的對治策略，需與心理學、社會工作等助人工作的學科有更多對話，拓展其現實層面的視野，落實其諮商實務工作。本文以當代兩位研究「脆弱」聞名之學者為對象，探究脆弱感與脆弱性的相關課題，以此建構哲學實踐之於「脆弱」課題的治療觀。一方面以Martha Nussbaum的哲學理論探究「脆弱性」，一方面以Brené Brown的田野實證探究「脆弱感」的諸種表徵與相關課題。哲學實踐的目的，一方面如Brown所言，從接納脆弱中展現脆弱的力量，一方面如Nussbaum所指出，從體認人性的脆弱中顯露德行的卓越與價值。以此觀之，Brown的理論有益於辨識脆弱與分析成因，Nussbaum的貢獻在於建構完整理論，增益諮商實務的客觀性與合理性。藉由兩人的思想，可以歸結出一種哲學實踐的脆弱觀：一種內在善與外在善相互影響的被動狀態。
並列摘要
Brené Brown and Martha Nussbaum are two of the well known scholars in the study of ＂Fragility＂ in the contemporary era. Based on Brown's and Nussbaum's theories, I have in this thesis, explored the subjects of ＂Fragility＂, ＂Vulnerability＂, and their related issues, and constructed therapeutic methods of Philosophical Practice for ＂Fragility＂. For one thing, I use Nussbaum's philosophical theory to do a comprehensive research of ＂Fragility＂; for another, I use Brown's work to exam the various symptoms of ＂vulnerability＂ and their related issues in daily life. I believe that in order to achieve a more comprehensive methods of treatment for ＂Fragility＂ in Philosophical Practice, it’s necessary for the workers from different knowledge areas, like psychology and social work, to communicate with each other more and broaden their vision, and in the end, to put what they have learned from interdisciplinary into their practice of counseling. Brown’s theory is very useful to diagnosis what vulnerability is and analyze its causes. Nussbaum’s contribution is in the construction of a comprehensive theory about ＂Fragility＂, which enhances the objectivity and rationality of counseling. From Brown’s and Nussbaum’s theories, I form the Philosophical practical version of ＂Fragility＂: A passive state of the interaction of internal good and external good. The goal of Philosophical Practice`, as mentioned by Brown, is to unfurl the power of vulnerability by accepting vulnerability itself. Besides, according to Nussbaum’s viewpoint, the excellence and values of virtue will be revealed by the realization of the fragility in human nature.