中年人參與運動之健康信念量表編製研究

The Development of Health Belief Inventory for Exercise in Middle Age People

蘇振鑫(Chen-Hsin Su)

《國立體育學院論叢》 15卷1期 (2004/10) Pp. 115-133

https://doi.org/10.6591/JPES.2004.10.09

摘要

本研究目的在於編製適用我國中年人參與運動之健康信念量表。本研究分為兩個階段：第一階段以開放性問卷收集資料，並利用內容分析法，探索、分析影響國內中年人有關運動與健康知覺的因素，以便作為未來編製健康信念量表題目之重要參考；第一階段研究結果大致與Becker & Maiman (1975)所發展的健康信念模式相同，並得到23項低層主題，10項中層主題，及3項高層主題。
第二階段是根據第一階段的結果，並參考Hayslip，Weigand，Weinberg，Richardson，& Jackson (1996)中相同分量表的題目。合計所獲得的量表題目共42題。本研究另外以233位的中年人，填答42題的中年人參與運動之健康信念量表。本研究依序進行（一）項目分析（二）效度考驗（三）信度考驗。在項目分析方面，刪去決斷值未達顯著以及與相關未達0.4的題目後，繼續進行探索性因素分析。由於本量表的原始架構共分五個分量表，因此限定抽取五個因素，並刪除因素負荷量小於0.5，及因素未能如量表原始架構而落入非預期構面的題目。研究結果顯示本量表其有「知覺從事運動的障礙」、「知覺從事運動的利益」、「行動線索」、「知覺疾病的威脅」、「採納建議從事規律運動的可能性」等五個因素，合計41題，內部一致性信度介於.7907~.8673之間，累積的解釋變異量佔總變異量的41.45%。

關鍵字

中年人 ； 運動 ； 健康信念 ； 量表編製

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to develop a proper psychological inventory for assessing aged adults' exercise and health related beliefs in Taiwan. In the first phase, qualitative method was employed to identify factors that influencing aged adults' perceptions of exercise and health. 6 general and open questions were administered 84 aged adults (males=49; females=35) with mean age of 48.47 (SD=4.96). Content analysis identified 23 lower themes, 10 sub-dimensions and 3 major dimensions of exercise health related beliefs.
Based on first phase's results and added with some concepts from related research, the authors developed a draft of Exercise Health Belief Inventory. Then, this inventory administered 233 aged adults (males=111; females=122) in the northern Taiwan. Factor analysis explored 5 major factors named perceived barriers of exercise, perceived benefits of exercise, cues to action, perceived threat of disease, and the likelihood of taking recommended action. The Cronbach α coefficients in each factor are between .7907~.8673. The coefficients confirmed that the inventory is reliable.
In sum, the newly developed Exercise Health Beliefs Inventory is a reliable and valid measure. Also, the construct of this inventory is matched to original concept of Becker and Maiman' (1975) Exercise Health Belief Model.

並列關鍵字

Middle age ； Exercise ； Health Belief ； Inventory construction

參考文獻

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