大學生接觸死亡經驗之研究

A Study on the Death Experience of College Students

林昱秀(Yu-Hsiu Lin) ； 陳錫琦(Si-Chi Chen)

《生命教育與健康促進學術論文研討會論文集》 2009 (2009/04) Pp. 31-53

https://doi.org/10.29869/LIFEHEALTH.200904.0031

摘要

本研究旨在探究大學生接觸死亡的經驗，採用紮根理論爲研究方法，從五位研究參與者的經驗，得到結果如下。與逝者的親密度、參與逝者健康照護的狀況、預期性悲傷、與他人談論死亡的情形及死亡通知與死亡原因，是接觸死亡經驗時的相關背景。死亡事件的發生令研究參與者感到失落及悲傷，研究參與者的悲傷反應有情緒方面、生理感覺、認知方面、行爲反應及壓抑悲傷等，並以自我因應悲傷、尋求支持、藉臨終儀式宣洩來調適。而悲傷反應程度與親密度、談論死亡的情形、參與健康照護狀況、教育與文化、個人特質、死亡原因、喪葬儀式、家人的悲傷及社會支持有關。研究參與者接觸死亡經驗中所獲得的社會支持來源是多元的，有實質支持、情緒支持、訊息支持、評價支持四個類型，社會支持的效果包括提昇生活品質，減緩壓力、協助悲傷調適及促進良好的社會適應。接觸死亡的顯著影響，包括「直接的生活影響」、「生死態度的轉化」及「靈性發展」三大副範疇。最後，研究者針對結果進行討論，並提出相關建議。

關鍵字

生死態度 ； 社會支持 ； 悲傷反應 ； 接觸死亡經驗 ； 靈性發展

並列摘要

The purposes of this study was to explore the death experience of college students. The grounded theory was adopted as the method. By analyzing the data from five participants, the results are as following. The degree of intimacy with the dead, the involvement of taking care of the dead, the anticipatory grief, the discussion about death with other people, the notification of death, and cause of death are the related background with the death. The event of death makes the feel lost and grief. In response to sadness, they tries to suppress theirself in feeling, physical sensations, cognitions, and behavioral reactions. The participants also adjusts theirself through response to sadness, seeking support, letting out steam in the funeral. To what degree the sadness is revealed has to do with the degree of intimacy with the death, discussion of death, involvement of caretaking the death, education and culture, personal traits, cause of death, funeral, family sadness, as well support from the society. The participant received a variety of social support with the death experience, including tangible support, emotional support, information support, and appraisal support. The social support results in elevating the quality of life, decreasing pressure, assisting sadness adjustment, and promoting better adaption in society. The prominent influence with the death experience including ”direct influence on life”, ”change of attitude toward death”, and ”spiritual development” To conclude the research, the results will be discussed and relevant suggestions will be proposed.

並列關鍵字

attitudes toward life and death ； social support ； grief response ； death experience ； spiritual development