乙烯醋酸乙烯酯／蒙脫土奈米複合材料熱穩定性及耐燃性質之研究

The study of thermal stability and fire retardant systems of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer/montmorillonitenanocomposites

張銘坤(Ming-Kuen Chang) ； 林佳穎(Chia-Ying Lin) ； 林學昌(Hsueh-Chang-Lin)

《燃燒季刊》 86期 (2014/08) Pp. 28-42

https://doi.org/10.30041/CQ.201408_(86).0004

摘要

為了達到高分子材料本質化安全的目的，市面上之耐燃材料、電線電纜材料發展已趨向低煙、無鹵素耐燃技術，許多高分子耐燃材料，需要添加高比例的金屬水合物填料，填充量須高達60%以上，以達到良好的耐燃標準，但是可能導致其缺乏彈性、力學性質差之問題。本研究利用氫氧化鋁添加蒙脫土作為EVA的無鹵耐燃劑，依不同重量百分比乙烯醋酸乙烯酯／氫氧化鋁／蒙脫土（0、1、2、3 wt%）之材料配方製備奈米複合材料，透過XRD試驗、拉伸試驗、DSC分析、TGA分析、LOI試驗與FE-SEM分析，探討添加有機黏土（OMMT）之層間距離的變化、熱性質、機械性質與耐燃性質之研究。經XRD檢測結果顯示，利用十八胺改質蒙脫土層間距離，由1.27 nm擴大到1.96 nm，使得有機高分子更易插層至黏土層間。在拉伸試驗中，OMMT含量為3 wt%時，有最佳的拉伸強度，所以，在無鹵素耐燃級EVA中，添加3 wt%的OMMT，氫氧化鋁添加量於47 wt%時，有最佳的伸長率及耐燃性能（LOI 為28），並能提高奈米複合材料之耐燃性能。

關鍵字

蒙脫土 ； 乙烯醋酸乙烯酯 ； 耐燃劑 ； 熱穩定性

並列摘要

To achieve the purpose of safety equipment and development of fire retardant and wire cable materials has trended to low smoke and halogen-free flame retardant technology in the business. However, many polymer flame retardant materials required a very high proportion of the metal hydrate filler within the polymer matrix (60 wt%) to achieve a suitable level of flame retardant, which may lead to a lack of flexibility, poor mechanical properties and problems during compounding. In this study, the aluminum hydroxide added montmorillonite (MMT) as the halogen-free flame retardant of EVA, according to the different EVA/ATH/MMT (0, 1, 2, 3 wt%) weight percentage of the preparation of nanocomposite material formulation. And through the XRD test, tensile test, DSC analysis, TGA analysis, LOI test and FE-SEM analysis to explore the addition of organic modified clay (OMMT) and researched the layer-distance, thermal properties, mechanical properties and flame retardant properties. In addition, use XRD to make the characterization analysis, it is found that increasing the polymers into the MMT, layer-distance increased from 1.27 nm to 1.96 nm when used the octadecylamine modified the MMT. For the tensile test, it is found that the montmorillonite weight percentage 3 wt% has the best tensile strength. In addition, the halogen-free flame retardant grade of EVA are added the OMMT in 3 wt%, the composition of nanocomposites was 47 wt% of the ATH filler has the best elongation and fire retardant (LOI was 28) . Improvements in tensile and flame retardant properties were observed in nanocomposites.

並列關鍵字

flame retardant ； ethylene vinyl acetate ； montmorillonite ； thermal stability