護理之家衛浴空間型態與看護人員使用行為研究～以三家不同衛浴配置型態的護理之家為例～

A Study on the Location Type of Sanitary Space and Using Behavior of the Caregiver in Nursing Home-By the Case of Three Nursing Homes

王伶芳(Ling-Fang Wang) ； 曾思瑜(Szu-Yu Tzeng)

《設計研究》 2期 (2002/07) Pp. 11-28

https://doi.org/10.30178/SJYJ.200207.0002

摘要

一日數次不定時的日常盥洗、身體清潔及生理排泄等行為在長期照護機構看護人員的日常工作中佔有極大的比重，寢室浴室、廁所及公共浴室空間等衛浴空間的配置型態與設備狀況不僅影響高齡者的生活品質，對看護人員的使用行為也有密切性的影響。本研究以高齡者日常生活活動能力不同的觀點出發，採用「Time-Study」的調查方法，比較分析三家機構五種不同配置類型的衛浴空間使用行為。本研究設定五個主要研究目的：（1）分析看護人員照護過程中衛浴使用行為的種類與特徵；（2）分析看護人員照護不同日常生活活動能力的高齡者，於衛浴空間單元的使用行為特徵；（3）分析看護人員衛浴使用行為與衛浴設備互動的關係； （4）分析衛浴空間配置型態及設備條件對衛浴使用行為的影響；（5）探討機構照護方式對衛浴空間使用行為的影響。調查結果發現（1）看護人員在衛浴空間中的使用行為可分為「人身清潔行為」、「物品清洗行為」與「其他」三大項目。（2）當高齡者日常生活活動能力較佳時，看護人員在寢室浴廁的行為時間比愈低；反之，在寢室浴廁、寢室床位邊的行為時間比也愈高。（3）寢室洗臉台是進行日常清洗行為使用頻率最高的設備。（4） 在寢室浴室和廁所空間單元同時設置洗臉台，會造成日常清潔行為多在寢室浴室洗臉台進行，更換尿布後的洗手行為多在寢室廁所洗臉台發生的行為分化現象。（5） 將洗臉台設置在寢室床位邊比設置在浴廁內的使用頻率高且行為內容更多元化。

關鍵字

看護人員 ； 護理之家 ； 日常生活活動能力 ； 衛浴型態

並列摘要

Daily washing, body cleaning and excretion behavior, happening several times in one day, occupy a large proportion of the daily living in long term care facility. The location types and equipments situation of bathroom, toilet and public bathroom not only influence the quality of care for the elderly, but also an impact on the using behavior of the caregivers. By the view of ADLs level, this paper uses time-study method to suvery five different sanitary types in three long term care facilities, analyzing the kind of behavior in sanitary space.We have set five purposes in this paper: (1) Analyzing the kinds of sanitary behaviors and characters of caregivers; (2) Analyzing the characters of sanitary behaviors among different levels of ADLs; (3) Analyzing the interaction relation between sanitary behaviors of caregivers with sanitary equipments (4) Analyzing how the location types and equipments situation influence on the using behavior of caregivers in sanitary space; (5)Investigating the care system and care way influence on the sanitary behavior.As the result of this research we find: (1) The kinds of sanitary behavior of the caregivers are categorized ”cleaning human body” , ”cleaning thing” and ”other” three types; (2) In high ADLs level, the time ratio in sanitary is less, and the ratio in sanitary and bed-side space increases in reverse; (3) When caregiver engaged in daily washing behavior, the frequency of using the basin equipment in sanitary is the highest; (4)When washing basin is set both in toilet and bathroom, usually washing behavior using the basin in bathroom, whereas the basin in toilet is just used when washing hand after changed diaper; (5) The frequency of using the basin in bed-side is higher than the basin set in sanitary space, and the behaviors are more diversity.

並列關鍵字

Caregiver ； Nursing Home ； ADLs ； Sanitary Type