傳統的空間資訊,呈現在地圖的運用,「地圖學」(cartography)研究則是地圖製作的科學及藝術。目前地理資訊系統的發展著重在技術及資料的正確性上,而「視覺傳達」於地圖學中的重要性往往被忽略,以致表現能力有時甚至不如傳統地圖。電腦媒體的運用,除了技術性的考量,更須重視從使用者的角度,考慮「視覺傳達」、「環境空間,心理」及「人機互動」的相關問題,此一範疇屬於「資訊設計」(information design)設計者參與資訊系統設計所關心的領域,也是本文探討的主要取向之一。本文擬從地圖的視覺傳達特性深入探討。以傳達性為重的地圖,其設計法則若經正規化可供電腦運算操作,將是空間資訊更適切的呈現方式,以及地圖設計的便利輔助工具。
Traditional spatial information was displayed on maps. And cartography studies the sciences and arts of mapmaking. Now the development of geographic information system is focused on precision of technology and data. The importance of visual communication is often neglected. The presentation ability of many GIS's cannot catch the traditional maps. We must consider the problems from the viewpoints of users about visual communication, environmental psychology & human-computer interaction. Compare the cognitive map in our life with ordinary maps, the free way to present information inspire us in map development. The pictorial maps that were designed by designers help us to get communication & fun. If the methodology of map design can be converted to computer programs, it comes out as tools of computer-assisted cartography, or the user interface itself.