大專校院乙組桌球選手不同背景變項在成就動機與團隊凝聚力之相關研究

The Related Research of Achievement Motivation and Team Cohesion on College Table Tennis Players of Division II

吳文郁(Wen-Yu Wu) ； 陳冠錦(Kuan-Jiin Chen)

《大專體育學術專刊》 96年度 (2007/05) Pp. 247-254

https://doi.org/10.6695/AUES.200705_96.0039

摘要

本研究目的旨在探討大專乙組桌球選手成就動機與團隊凝聚力，依不同背景變項統計變數對成就動機與團隊凝聚力進行差異分析，來描述大專乙組桌球選手成就動機與團隊凝聚力的現況與特性，並依據研究結果，提出建議，以供日後大專乙組桌球團隊組訓，內部經營管理及後續研究者之參考。本研究以參加95年全國大專校院運動會之學校乙組桌球選手為受試對象，研究工具包括個人基本資料、成就動機量表及團隊凝聚力量表等三部份，合計發出問卷250份，回收有效樣本共218份，有效樣本率為87.2%。所得資料經描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、雪費法事後檢定及皮爾遜積差相關等統計方法分析資料，所得結果歸納如下：一、大專校院乙組男子桌球選手成就動機高於女子選手；每週訓練四天以上的選手其成就動機高於每週訓練二～三天及一天的選手。二、大專校院乙組女子桌球選手團隊凝聚力高於男子選手；加入代表隊二年的選手，其團隊凝聚力高於加入三年以上及一年的選手；北區大專校院乙組桌球選手的團隊凝聚力高於其他地區的選手；大專運動會層級的選手其團隊凝聚力高於全國運動會層級、區中運層級及校級選手。三、大專校院乙組桌球選手成就動機與團隊凝聚力間呈現正相關。顯示成就動機與團隊凝聚力存在相互影響之關係，其結果也符合各理論所提出之基礎及先前的研究結果。

關鍵字

桌球 ； 成就動機 ； 團隊凝聚力

並列摘要

This research aims at probing into the achievement motivation and team cohesion of College Table Tennis Players of division II. We do the analysis on diversity of achievement motivation and team cohesion according to different statistics variable of background to describe the present situation and characteristics of the achievement motivation and team cohesion of College Table Tennis Players of division II. We also provide training of the college second group table tennis teams, inside managing and follow-up researchers with suggestions to refer to based on the research results. This research targets College Table Tennis Players of division II, who participate in the sports meeting of national college in 2006. Research tools include personally basic information, forms of achievement motivation and forms of team cohesion three parts. We sent out 250 questionnaires totally and we retrieved 218 effective samples. The rate of effective samples is 87.2%. We analyzed incoming results with descriptive statistics, t-test, independent, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe's method and Pearson product-moment correlation. The results reduce as follows: (1) Achievement motivation of College Table Tennis Men Players of division II is higher than that of women players; achievement motivation of players who train more than four days each week is higher than that of players who train two to three days or one day each week. (2) Team cohesion of College Table Tennis Women Players of division II is higher than that of men players; the team cohesion of players who participated in school team more than two years is higher than that of players who participated in school team more than three years and less than one year; the team cohesion of players in the north district is higher than that of players in the other areas; the team cohesion of players with level of the college sports meeting is higher than that of players with level of national sports meeting, regional sports meeting and school sports meeting. (3) Achievement motivation of College Table Tennis Players of division II has positive correlations with team cohesion. It shows that achievement motivation and team cohesion have the relationship that they affect with each other. The results also correspond to the foundation provided by each theory and the research results previously.

並列關鍵字

table tennis ； achievement motivation ； team cohesion