白葉枯病對水稻產量與米質之影響及抗病品系之育成

Influence of Bacterial Blight on the Yield and Quality of Rice and the Breeding and Quality of Rice and the Breed of Resistant Lines

林再發(T. F. Lin)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 29期 (1990/12) Pp. 29-38

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.199012.0029

摘要

由於白葉枯病嚴重發生，穗重、一穗粒數、稔實率及千粒重受顯著影響而造成產量降低，並使白米透明度降低、青米率及死米率顯著增加，糙米率、白米率及完整米率亦稍受影響，此外水稻在幼穗形成期遭受白葉枯病為害，其米粒之鹼性測驗之擴散程度及直鏈性澱粉含量稍降低，粗蛋白質含量稍提高，因此食味性比較差。將白葉枯病品種台中秈糯1號、台農秈20號及Suweon 333之抗病性導入感病品種台中秈10號及台秈1號，已育成五個新抗病品系，其稻穀產量及米質均較對照品種台中秈10號及台中秈糯1號為佳。

關鍵字

水稻 ； 白葉枯病 ； 產量 ； 米質 ； 品種改良

並列摘要

Bacterial blight caused significant decrease in panicle weight, spikelet number per panicle, the percentage of filled grain and 1000-grain weight and hence, made the grain yield of rice significantly declined. Besides, it induced significant decline in rice translucency and increase in the percentage of immature green grains and dead grains. However its influence on the percentage of brown rice, total milled rice and head rice was not statistically significant. Moreover the spread of alkali test for the grain and percentage of amylose slightly decreased, and crude protein slightly increased when the rice was infested at panicle formation stage, and therefore the eating quality of the infested rice became slightly poor. The five new breeding indica lines that were all higher in yield and better in quality with higher resistance to bacterial blight were obtained by crossing Taichung Sen 10 or Tai Sen I with Taichung Sen (Waxy) I, Tainung Sen 20 and Suweon 333.

並列關鍵字

rice ； bacterial blight ； grain yield ； rice quality ； breeding