不同有機資材及通氣量對堆肥中營養要素之影響

Effects of Different Organic Wastes and Aeration Rates on the Nutrients Contents in Composts

蔡宜峰(Yi-Fong Tsai) ； 黃祥慶(Hsiang-Ching Huang)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 43期 (1994/06) Pp. 25-33

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.199406.0025

摘要

為探究碳、氮、磷、鉀等營養要素在有機物堆肥化過程中之變化，以期能依不同有機物之特性，使製成堆肥的養分供應潛能適合不同作物之養分需求。本研究利用多種不同有機廢棄物為堆肥資材，實施二種不同堆肥配方處理（A：雞糞－木屑－稻桿，B：牛糞－木屑－稻桿）及通氣量處理三級（a: 6.6±0.5 l/min，b: 13.8±0.9 l/min，c: 25.4±1.9 l/min）等試驗。試驗結果顯示，堆肥化過程中碳成分濃度下降，氮、磷及鉀成分濃度呈上昇。以木屑及稻草為碳源，在以牛糞為氮源時，堆肥化中氮的損失率約31.4%，碳的損失率約58.7%，乾物損失率為48.8%。如以雞糞為氮源時，堆肥化中氮的損失率約37.1%，碳的損失率約64.9%，乾物損失率為52.1%。同樣以雞糞為氮源下，在堆肥化中持續實施通氣處理，則氮的平均損失率約為22%，碳的平均損失率為61.6%。堆肥化中磷和鉀的損失率在誤差變異內，可視為在堆肥化過程中無損失。

關鍵字

有機資材 ； 通氣 ； 營養要素成分 ； 堆肥

並列摘要

In order to control the nutrients contents in composts derived from organic wastes, it is neceessary to understand the changes of C, N, P and K during composting. Experiments with two ingredients (A: chicken-sawdust-rice straw, B: dairy-sawdust-rice straw) and three aeration rates (6.6±0.5 l/min, 13.8±0.9 l/min, and 25.4±1.9 l/min) were conducted to study the effects of organic wastes on the changes of C, N, P and K after composted. The results showed that the concentration of C decreased and the concentrations of N, P and K increased during composting. The loss rates of the total amounts of N, C and dry weight in compost were 31.4%, 58.7% and 48.8%, respestively, in B ingredient, and 37.1%, 64.9%, 52.1%, respestively, in A ingredient. Restults derived from aeration treatments showed that the loss rates of the total amounts of N and C were 22.0% and 61.6%. There were not significantly losses on the total amounts of P and K during composting.

並列關鍵字

organic waste ； aeration ； nutrients ； compost