銀葉粉蝨在三種寄主植物上之生物特性

Biology of Silverleaf Whitefly Bemisia argentifolii (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) on Three Host Plants

白桂芳(Kuei-Fang Pai) ； 陳慶忠(Ching-Chung Chen)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 58期 (1998/03) Pp. 33-41

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.199803.0033

摘要

銀葉粉蝨Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring以甜瓜（Cucumis melo L.）、花椰菜（Brassica oleracea L.）及胡瓜（Cucumis sativus L.）飼育，測定其未成熟期（卵至成蟲羽化）發育時間、雌蟲壽命、生殖力及子代性比，飼育條件為28±1℃、80～85%RH、13L：11D。銀葉粉蝨飼以甜瓜所需發育時間最短（14.52日），其次分別為花椰菜（16.75日）和胡瓜（18.62日），各齡期發育時間於三種寄主間差異顯著。未成熟期之死亡率於甜瓜、花椰菜、胡瓜各為7.5%、25.0%、45.0%，以卵期之死亡率最高。雌蟲飼以甜瓜、花椰菜及胡瓜其總產卵量各為104.36個/雌、91.80個/雌及135.71個/雌，以胡瓜為寄主之雌蟲總產卵量顯著高於其他二者；每日每雌產卵量則分別為6.84個/雌/日、6.58個/雌/日及5.33個/雌/日，三種寄主間差異不顯著。又雌蟲於甜瓜、花椰菜及胡瓜上之壽命分別為14.84日、15.64日及21.42日；子代性比（雌/雌+雄）各為0.76、0.81和0.67。銀葉粉蝨之發育、死亡率、壽命、生殖力和子代性比顯著受寄主植物種類影響，而生物特性應與銀葉粉蝨對寄主之適應性有關。

關鍵字

銀葉粉蝨 ； 寄主植物 ； 發育 ； 生殖力 ； 性比

並列摘要

The silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring, was bred to determined the developmental duration, mortality, longevity, fecundity and sex ratio of offspring on three host plants under artificial conditions 28±1℃, 80~85% RH, and 13L:11D photoperiod. Time required from egg to complete development of the pest was 14.52 days, 16.75 days, 18.62 days on cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L.), cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), respectively. Each stage from egg to complete development had significant difference among these host plants. The mortality of immature stage on cantaloupe, cauliflower and cucumber was 7.5%, 25.0% and 45.0%, respectively. The results indicated that the egg stage of silverleaf whitefly had the highest mortality compared to the other stages in these host plants. Mean total fertility on cantaloupe, cauliflower and cucumber were 104.36, 91.80 and 135.71 eggs/female, respectively. The average number of eggs laid per female of daily fertility (6.84, 6.58 and 5.33 eggs/female/day) were not significant difference among three host plants. Female longevity was greater on cucumber (21.42 days) than cantaloupe (14.84 days) and cauliflower (15.64 days). The sex ratio (female/female+male) of offspring on cantaloupe, cauliflower and cucumber were 0.76, 0.81 and 0.67, respectively. However, the developmental duration, mortality, female longevity, fecundity and progeny sex ratio of B. argentifolii were affected by different host plants, and the biological characteristics were connected with adaptability of B. argentifolii on its host plants.

並列關鍵字

Bemisia argentifolii ； host plants ； development ； fecundity ； sex ratio