- 期刊
- OpenAccess
臺灣西方蜜蜂潛伏感染蜜蜂病毒區域性調查分析
A regional survey and analysis of latent infection of western honeybee viruses (Apis mellifera) in Taiwan
摘要
本研究為調查臺灣蜜蜂病毒區域性分佈及探討蜂群感染病毒是否造成蜂群異常，共分析81件西方蜂樣本。蜜蜂病毒檢出率調查結果分別為黑王台病毒(BQCV) 53.2%、畸翅病毒(DWV) 24.1%、Kakugo virus(KV) 20.2%、東方蜂囊狀幼蟲病病毒(AcSBV) 32.1%、西洋蜂囊雛病病毒AmSBV 6.3%。區域分析顯示，臺灣北、中、南各地區BQCV流行率相近，約為48%-55.6%，DWV與KV在北部地區檢出率達44%與32%為最高，AcSBV在中部地區檢出率50%為最高，AmSBV僅在中部與南部地區發現，檢出率為11.1%。分析病毒檢出率與蜂群健康樣態關係，BQCV、AcSBV及AmSBV在異常蜂群與正常蜂群檢出率相近，異常蜂群DWV與KV檢出率分別為44%與48%，正常蜂群DWV與KV檢出率分別為2.6%與10.5%，且出現異常蜂群之DWV與KV合併感染約為30.8%，正常蜂群僅有2.7%，顯示DWV及KV感染是造成蜂群異常的重要原因。另在正常蜂群有67.6%在夏季加強餵飼蜂糧，但異常蜂群加強餵食僅30.8%，推測加強供給營養的管理模式，可減少蜂群出現異常情形。
並列摘要
The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of Western honeybee viruses (Apis mellifera) in Taiwan. A total of 81 honeybee samples were collected from Taiwan Northern, Central and Southern regions, performed symptom observations and viral molecular identifications. There were five viruses found in detection rate: black queen cell virus (BQCV) 53.2%, deformed wing virus (DWV) 24.1%, Kakugo virus (KV) 20.2%, Apis cerana sacbrood virus (AcSBV) 32.1% and Apis mellifera sacbrood virus (AmSBV) 6.3%. The detection rate of BQCV was common distributed in Taiwan southern, central and northern region ranged from 48~ 55.6%. AmSBV was found 11.1% in the Central and Southern regions. The detection rate of DWV and KV were found in 44% and 32% in Northern region. The detection rate of AcSBV in the Central region was 50% highest than Northern and Southern region. Analysis of the virus detection rate and the healthy status of honeybee colonies, the detection rates of DWV and KV in infected bee colonies were 44% and 48% compared to 2.6% and 10.5% for healthy colonies. Further analysis of co-infection rates in DWV and KV for infected and healthy bee colonies were 30.8% and 2.7%, respectively. It was indicated that DWV and KV co-infection threaten the health colonies. In addition, the proportions of feeding in summer season were found 67.6% and 30.8% in infected and healthy colonies, indicated that enhancing nutrition supplement reduced the infection rates.