建築材料釋放揮發性有機化合物對室內空氣品質影響之研究

Assessing the Effect of Volatile Organic Compounds Emissions on Indoor Air Quality from Building Materials

羅時麒(Shih-Chi Lo)

《健康與建築雜誌》 1卷1期 (2013/10) Pp. 12-21

https://doi.org/10.6299/JHA.2013.1.1.R2.12

摘要

背景：建築材料釋放揮發性及半揮發性有機化合物，對室內空氣品質及人體健康有許多潛在影響，並引發民眾對如何選擇室內建材的重視。目的：研究目的係為了解建築材料釋放揮發性及半揮發性有機化合物之潛在危害，及其與室內空氣品質之關聯性。方法：以健康風險評估方法進行揮發性及半揮發性有機化合物之危害確認，及整合室內空氣品質模式，模擬常用塗料類綠建材逸散揮發性有機化合物對室內人員之健康風險。結果：建材可能釋放之揮發性有機化合物，依據國際癌瘤研究署（IARC）之致癌性分類，甲醛及苯屬第1類具致癌性，模擬結果顯示綠建材標章產品之風險在可接受範圍；甲苯、二甲苯等揮發性有機化合物屬第3類無適當證據其與致癌相關。至於鄰苯二甲酸酯類DEHP等半揮發性有機化合物則屬第2B類，並已透過修正相關規定予以污染源控制。結論／實務應用：建議未來加強推廣健康綠建材，以進行污染源控制，提升室內空氣品質。

關鍵字

健康風險評估 ； 揮發性有機化合物 ； 半揮發性有機化合物 ； 室內空氣品質 ； 綠建材

並列摘要

Backgrounds: Building materials often contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs), which have quite a few potential impacts on indoor air quality (IAQ) and human health, and have triggered people's great attention about how to choose interior decoration materials.Purposes: The purpose of this study is to understand the potential hazard of VOCs and SVOCs emitted from building materials, and the relationship with IAQ.Methods: The health risk assessment was used to identify the potential hazard of VOCs and SVOCs, and the mass balance model was incorporated into assessment to simulate the effect of VOCs emitted from GBM on human health.Results: According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the formaldehyde and benzene were identified by group 1 of cancer category, and the simulation results showed that the lifetime cancer risk is in an acceptable range. The toluene, xylene, etc. were identified by group 3 of no obvious negative impact on human health. criteria. The new pollutants of SVOCs such as phthalate DEHP were identified by groups B2, and the regulation was revised to control the emission sources.Conclusions: In the future, IAQ will lead to better, if the green building materials should be further used to control the emission sources.

並列關鍵字

Health Risk Assessment ； Volatile Organic Compounds ； Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds ； Indoor Air Quality ； Green Building Materials