探討專科護理師管理者之隸屬單位、領導風格與專科護理師角色功能之關係

Exploring the Relationships among Managers’ Affiliations and Leadership Styles, and Role Functions of Nurse Practitioners

陳慈芳(Tzu-Fang Chen) ； 蔡芸芳(Yun-Fang Tsai) ； 陳月枝(Yueh-Chih Chen) ； 葉淑惠(Shu-Hui Yeh)

《台灣專科護理師學刊》 4卷1期 (2017/11) Pp. 26-35

摘要

背景：台灣專科護理師提供健康照護已逾30年，雖然已有甄審制度、授予通過甄審的專科護理師證照數年，但專科護理師在臨床上仍面臨角色功能模糊的問題。目的：探討專科護理師管理者之隸屬單位、領導風格與專科護理師角色功能的關係。方法：為橫斷式研究設計，以中部某體系醫院的專科護理師為對象，利用自擬式問卷收集資料，問卷包含專科護理師基本資料、管理者隸屬單位、醫務部及護理部領導風格、以及專科護理師角色功能。回收有效問卷179份，以描述性統計、Mann-Whitney、Kruskal-Wallis及Spearman相關等方法進行資料分析。結果：參與研究者中62.6%為醫護共管、32.9%為護理部管理、4.5%為醫務部管理。比較管理模式的領導風格，醫務部較醫護共管偏向民主式，且能提供專科護理師較高的認同感。不論專科護理師為護理部管理、醫務部管理或醫護共管，專科護理師的角色功能無顯著差異。醫務部管理時，管理者權威式的領導風格與專科護理師的醫療輔助、溝通協調角色功能呈顯著負相關；管理者放任式的領導風格也與專科護理師的醫療輔助角色功能呈顯著負相關。醫護共管時，醫務部管理者民主式的領導風格以及對專科護理師的角色認同與專科護理師教學指導角色功能呈顯著正相關。結論：本研究結果可提供建立專科護理師管理模式重要的參考，進而促使未來專科護理師角色功能更加明確。

關鍵字

專科護理師 ； 隸屬單位 ； 領導風格 ； 角色功能

並列摘要

Background: Nurse practitioners (NPs) have provided health care for more than 30 years in Taiwan, and license examination was carried out for years. However, the NPs of Taiwan are still facing the problems related to ambiguous role and functions in the clinical settings. Objective: To explore the relationships among managers' affiliations, leadership styles, and role functions of nurse practitioners. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. The participants of this study were nurse practitioners who were working in a healthcare system in central Taiwan. This study collected data by the questionnaire, and 179 NPs completed the survey. The questionnaire included demographic information, managers' affiliations, leadership styles of medical and nursing department, and role functions of NPs. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman correlation. Results: The results revealed that 62.6% of NPs were co-supervised by both nursing and medical department, 32.9% by the nursing department, and 4.5% by the medical department. The leadership style of medical department was more democratic than co-supervised by both nursing and medical department which provided more recognition sensation. Whether NPs were supervised by nursing department, medical department or co-supervised by both, there were no significantly differences in NPs' role functions. When NPs were supervised by medical department, their managers' authoritative leadership style was significantly and negatively correlated with NPs' role functions of medical assistant and coordinator. Their managers' indulgent leadership style was also significantly and negatively correlated with NPs' role functions of medical assistant. When NPs were co-supervised by both nursing and medical departments, their medical mangers' democratic leadership style and role recognition to NPs were significantly and positively correlated with NPs' role functions of educator. Conclusions: The results of this study provide the important information to establish the managers' models for NPs in order to enhance the role functions of NPs getting defined in the future.

並列關鍵字

Nurse practitioners ； affiliation ； leadership styles ； role functions

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