持住時間與作業高度對於國人持住能力之效應

Effect of Holding Time and Working Height on Holding Capacity for Chinese Subjects

吳水丕(Spwu-Pi Wu) ； 李鎮男(Chen-nan Li)

《勞動及職業安全衛生研究季刊》 23卷2期 (2015/06) Pp. 191-214

摘要

本研究係以心物法來探討在牆壁面的作業情況下，性別（男性和女性），作業高度（肘高、肩高和過頭手及）及持住時間（30秒、1分、2分和3分）對於最大可承受持住重量（MAWH）、心搏率（HR）及主觀施力知覺評量（RPE）的效應。共有30位受試者（15位男性及15位女性）參與實驗。結果發現：1.性別對於MAWH及RPE有顯著效應，女性MAWH比男性少約40%，且女性RPE顯著高於男性；2.作業高度對於MAWH及HR有顯著效應，以過頭手及之MAWH（8.62kg）最重，且HR（90.34 beats／min）最低。3.持住時間對於MAWH及RPE有顯著效應，以30秒之MAWH（9.35kg）最重，且RPE（13.86）較低。本研究建議作業人員在進行持住作業時，宜盡量縮短持住時間在2分鐘以內，並使用較大的肌肉群進行垂直面持住作業，除了可以提高作業績效外，亦可降低作業人員之負擔。

關鍵字

人工物料搬運 ； 持住作業 ； 作業高度 ； 持住時間 ； 心理物理學法

並列摘要

There were 30 participants (15 males and 15 females) recruited in this study. The psychophysical method was used to investigate the effects of working height (elbow height, shoulder height and overhead height), holding time (30 seconds, 1 minute, 2 minutes and 3 minutes) and sex (male and female) on maximum acceptable holding weight (MAWH), heart rate (HR), and perceived exertion rating (RPE) when holding against a wall. The results show that: (1) Sex had a significant effect on MAWH and RPE, the females held 40% less MAWH than the males and the RPE of females were larger than those of males. (2) Working height had a significant effect on MAWH and HR; Working with overhead height can induce the largest MAWH (8.62Kg) and the smallest HR (90.34 beats/min). (3)Holding time had a significant effect on MAWH and RPE. Working time with 30 seconds can inducelargest MAWH (9.35 kg) and the smaller RPE (13.86).In General, the study suggests that holding tasks should be done smaller than 2 minutes and with large muscle groups to improve job performance and reduce occupational injuries.

並列關鍵字

Manual Material Handling (MMH) ； Holding task ； Working height ； Holding time ； Psychophysics

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