創業現象的分類與特殊類型創業理論的發展

Typologizing Entrepreneurial Phenomena and Developing Specific Type Entrepreneurship Theories

朱沛(Pei Chu)

《創業管理研究》 2卷3期 (2007/09) Pp. 21-50

https://doi.org/10.30132/JER.200709.0002

摘要

創業學者對過去量化研究發展的許多包含較少變數的一般創業理論不滿意，他們指出未來應研究創業中多變數的交集。在此方向上，朱沛（2005）建立了整合多變數的原產業成長期創業理論。此研究揭露出一個新的理論發展方向並引發幾個研究問題：（1）是否以量化研究發展一般創業理論是好的理論發展方向？是否值得運用質化個案研究方法發展特殊類型創業理論？（2）創業現象的基本分類構面與分類架構為何？（3）原產業成長期創業理論為何？與一般創業理論比它有何優點？本文針對以上問題進行探討，主要理論貢獻包含：（1）對比量化創業研究，指出針對特殊創業類型，以個案研究建立的特殊類型創業理論雖然一般性有限，但具有適用範圍明確、更完整、更類型特殊、更高解釋力與更高實用價值之優點，是學術界值得努力的方向。（2）提出創業的三個基礎分類構面與分類架構，構面包含：產業人士創業或科技研發人士創業、產業間相關性與產業生命週期階段。（3）描述原產業成長期創業理論和它的優點。

關鍵字

創業 ； 分類 ； 個案研究方法

並列摘要

Many scholars feel unsatisfied about general entrepreneurship theories constructed with a few variables developed by quantitative research, and they suggest that future research should focus on the intersection of many variables in entrepreneurship. Following this direction, Chu (2005) built a specific entrepreneurship theory in same industry growth stage context which integrated many variables. The research pointed out a new direction and raised several questions: (1) Is it a good direction to use quantitative research to develop general entrepreneurship theories? Is it worthwhile to develop specific type entrepreneurship theories using qualitative case study research method? (2) What are basic typological dimensions and typology of entrepreneurship? (3) What is the entrepreneurship theory in the same industry growth stage context and its advantages? This paper resolves the above questions with the main contributions including: (1) A demonstration that although specific type entrepreneurship theories have low generality, they have advantages of clear scope, are more complete, more specific, have higher explanation power and higher practical value. It is worthwhile to develop these theories; (2) A determination of three basic typological dimensions and a typology of entrepreneurship. Three basic dimensions are industrial practitioner entrepreneurship or R&D persons of technology institute entrepreneurship, relatedness between industries that new venture and prior business belonging to, and stage of industry life cycle; (3) Description of entrepreneurship theory in the same industry growth stage context and its advantages.

並列關鍵字

Entrepreneurship ； Typology ； Case Study Research