空氣品質與上呼吸道癌症死亡率相關性之探討

Study of the Impact of Air Quality on Upper Respiratory Tract Cancer Morbidity

謝惠紅(Huey-Hong Hsieh) ； 黃彬芳(Bing-Fang Hwang) ； 鄭士仁(Shin-Jen Cheng) ； 李正豐(Cheng-Feng Lee)

《致遠環境資源彙刊》 1卷1期 (2006/12) Pp. 1-10

https://doi.org/10.6597/DJER.2006.1(1).1

摘要

目的：根據衛生署的調查顯示，近二十年來，癌症高居國人十大死亡主因榜首。本研究探討台灣空氣品質與上呼吸道癌症發生率之相關性。方法：本研究採用環境保護署所公佈之空氣品質監測資料，探討各空氣污染物（NO_2、CO、SO_2、PM_(10)及O_3）在空間分佈之特性及各污染物之相關性，接著配合國民健康局所提供之之癌症發生率，分析上呼吸道癌症發生率與空氣污染物之相關性，並且探討可能引發上呼吸道癌症之主要空氣污染物。結果：經研究結果顯示，空氣污染物中以NO_2與CO之相關性最高，其相關係數為0.92，而經由各空氣污染物之年平均值與上呼吸道癌症發生率之相關性分析結果顯示，上呼吸道癌症發生率與空氣污染物存在相關性。結論：本研究結果顯示上呼吸道癌症發生率與空氣污染物存在一定相關性。隨著空氣品質監測資料之普及，將可針對特定污染物與上呼吸道癌症發生率之關係做進一步之探討，並可分析在不同區域空氣品質與上呼吸道癌症發生率之關係，藉以修正空氣污染物之排放標準。

關鍵字

上呼吸道癌症 ； 空氣品質 ； 相關性分析

並列摘要

Objectives: Recently, Department of Health (DH), Executive Yuan, Taiwan, reported the high cancer-induced mortality, which is ranking as the top on the Taiwanese death rate list since 1982. This study discusses the association between air quality and upper respiratory tract (URT) cancer morbidity. Methods: This study first used air quality monitoring database provided by the Environment Protection Administration (EPA), Taiwan, to develop the spatial distribution of air pollutants, which includes NO_2, CO, SO_2, PM10, and O_3. The correlations between air pollutants were examined. Second, the URT cancer morbidity database, provided by DH, was used to examine the association with air pollutants. The air pollutant exposure value at each city was extracted from the derived air pollutant map. These values were compared with the URT cancer incidence rate to study the associations using Kendall coefficient of concordance (Gibbons, 1997). Results: The results show a correlation coefficient 0.92 between NO_x and CO. In addition, according to the association analysis, the results indicate that there exists a strong association between URT cancer morbidity and air pollutants. Conclusion: Air quality is one significant impact factor in the URT cancer morbidity. The study indicates the association exists between the URT cancer morbidity and air pollutants. With increasing air quality monitoring information, the associations between URT cancer and specific air pollutants can be further analyzed. In addition, the spatial variations of the associations can be studied, which can provide useful information for the modification of the exhaust emission regulation.

並列關鍵字

Upper Respiratory Tract cancer morbidity ； association analysis ； air quality