社區遺產的記憶形塑、失真與再現－以花蓮豐田社區的地名與範圍為例

Spatiality, Inauthenticity and the Revival of Community Heritage Memory: Place-names and Spatial Limits of the Japanese Immigrant Village of Fengtian, Hualien

張育銓(Yu-Chuan Chang)

《歷史人類學學刊》 14卷1期 (2016/04) Pp. 107-133

摘要

臺灣花蓮縣壽豐鄉豐田社區具有全國最完整的日本移民村遺產，近年來透過社區總體營造的投入，以及政府單位提供行政與經費的支援，社區的知名度大幅提升，觀光客陸續湧入，伴隨政治與經濟的利益，社造組織逐漸擁有遺產論述的主導權。然而，在鄉土教學與社區導覽解說中，對豐田地名與範圍的說法，卻和歷史發展及口述歷史有些出入。筆者長期在豐田社區從事田野工作，本文所使用的分析材料與訪問內容都曾在筆者其他論文中使用過，但本文採用不同的理論角度重新分析與詮釋，試圖透過記憶形塑與失眞的概念，釐清遺產與記憶的關連，並透過日本移民村遺產中的警察官吏派出所與地神為例，呈現遺産記憶的延續與再現。這些探討有助於臺灣建立本土的遺產概念時，對社區總體營造組織與民眾以地方意識與社會現實重構地方歷史的歷程有更多認識

關鍵字

遺產 ； 記憶形塑 ； 記憶失真 ； 豐田社區 ； 花蓮

並列摘要

The most complete remains of a Japanese immigrant village in all of Taiwan is found in Fengtian, Hualian. In recent years, investment in community reconstruction as well as administrative and financial support from the government has made the community extremely well- known and led to an influx of tourists. Along with political and econontic benefits, community organizations have gained the power to narrate local heritage. But the accounts of local place names and spatiality in local education and guided tours differ from the historical record and from oral history accounts. Based on loog-term fieldwork in Fengtian, Ibis paper uses the concepts of memory formation and inauthenticity to explore the relatioosbip between heritage and memory. Using the examples of the village's police station and its tutelary deity, it discusses the sustainability and reappearance of heritage memory. This discussion may assist in developing the concept of native heritage in Taiwan and contribute to a better understanding of how community development organizations and communities themselves use local knowledge and social realities to coostruct local history.

並列關鍵字

heritage ； spatial memory ； inaothenticity ； Fengtian ； Hualian