光子晶體之製備及其於化學感測上的應用

Preparation of Photonic Crystals and Their Applications to Chemical Sensors

許智偉(Chih-Wei Hsu) ； 鄭淑芳(Shu-Fang Cheng) ； 周禮君(Lai-Kwan Chau)

《化學》 63卷3期 (2005/09) Pp. 431-442

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.2005036

摘要

光子晶體是利用不同折射率的介電材料製備而成，如膠態粒子或棒狀材料來堆積成2D或3D結構之週期性奈米材料。其結構具有獨特的光子能隙特性，可將光加以限制和控制，應用非常的廣泛，例如：可調式光學濾波器、半導體雷射的共振腔、低耗損的彎曲波導、光子晶體光纖、發光二極體等。另外在分析化學的應用上，光子晶體重要的應用之一是可以當成感測器（Sensor），而且能精確的感測葡萄糖、金屬離子、離子強度、生物中的抗體、酵素….等等，並有良好的感測靈敏度與感測範圍。因此光子晶體的研究是一門非常重要的科學。有鑑於此，本文將介紹光子晶體各項之製備方法與分析，並將製備方法分為物理製備法和化學製備法兩大類別，主要著重於回顧化學為基礎之製備方法；而物理製備法只簡略的說明。此外，對於光子晶體在化學感測上的應用也做一番回顧。

關鍵字

光子晶體 ； 蛋白石 ； 反蛋白石 ； 化學感測器 ； 生物感測器

並列摘要

Photonic crystals are constructed from dielectric materials with different refractive indexes, such as colloidal particles or rod-like materials, that can be stacked and form two-dimensional or three-dimensional of periodic nanostructures. Such unique structures have characteristic photonic band gaps, and can control and manipulate the flow of light. Consequently, photonic crystals are great interest both in fundamental and applied research and lead to broad applications. For examples, they can act as tunable optical fiters, cavity semiconductor laser, low-loss bend waveguide, photonic crystal fiber, light emitting diode, etc. In addition, one of the important applications of photonic crystals is in analytical chemistry and especially in sensor applications. It has been demonstrated that glucose, metal ions, antibodies in biological matrices…etc., can be detected with photonic crystals. Both sensing sensitivity and dynamic range are good. Therefore, the study of photonic crystals becomes an important research area. Generally, the methods of preparation can be divided into two categories, physical and chemical methods. The purpose of this article is to introduce the preparation methods for each kind of photonic crystals, and will emphasize the preparation methods based on chemical route. The preparation methods based on physical route will be briefly summarized. Other than the preparation methods, this paper also reviews the application of photonic crystals to chemical sensors and biosensors.

並列關鍵字

photonic crystal ； opal ； inverse opal ； chemical sensor ； biosensor