輕／重度金屬防腐蝕塗料概述

Overview of Conventional/heavy-duty Metal Anti-corrosion Coatings

藍云襄(Yun-Xiang Lan) ； 葉瑞銘(Jui-Ming Yeh)

《化學》 79卷3期 (2021/09) Pp. 219-248

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.202109_79(3).002

摘要

這是一篇關於金屬防腐蝕塗料之研究的綜述文章（Review），分別描述了輕度防腐蝕塗料的策略及重度防腐蝕塗料的種類。輕度防腐蝕塗料基於增加腐蝕介質擴散路徑的曲折度、降低腐蝕介質與塗料的親和力、抑制腐蝕介質與金屬基材的反應等三個基本提升防腐蝕效果的策略，本文將開發新型防腐材料的常用策略分為以下六類，分別是摻雜奈米粒子、超疏水塗層、緩蝕劑、導電聚合物、自修復塗層和多功能複合塗層。能在相對苛刻腐蝕環境裡應用、並具有能達到比常規防腐塗料更長保護期的重度防腐塗料，常用的樹酯種類有富鋅底漆、環氧樹脂塗料、聚氨酯樹脂塗料、丙烯酸樹脂塗料、氯化橡膠類塗料、玻璃鱗片塗料、環氧樹脂粉末塗料、氟碳塗料、聚矽氧烷塗料、聚脲等等，其中環氧樹脂塗料常與富鋅底漆配套使用，適用於工業生產中嚴重腐蝕環境。在眾多金屬防腐蝕的方法中，有機塗料用於金屬防腐蝕中具有獨特的優點，其具有良好的附著力及一定的機械強度，同時具有良好的耐腐蝕性能，在這之中又以重度防腐蝕塗料效果最好、最具代表性和影響力，且最有發展潛力的一類防腐塗料。

關鍵字

輕度防腐蝕 ； 重度防腐蝕 ； 電活性塗料 ； 超疏水塗料 ； 自修復塗料 ； 緩蝕劑 ； 多功能複合塗料 ； 摻雜奈米粒子 ； 環氧樹酯塗料 ； 聚氨酯樹脂塗料 ； 富鋅底漆 ； 丙烯酸樹酯塗料 ； 氯化橡膠塗料 ； 氟碳樹酯 ； 聚矽氧烷塗料 ； 無溶劑防腐塗料

並列摘要

This is a review article on the research of metal anti-corrosion coatings. It describes the strategies of conventional anti-corrosion coatings and the types of heavy-duty anti-corrosion coatings. Conventional anti-corrosion coatings are based on three basic strategies to improve the anticorrosion effect: increasing the tortuosity of the corrosive medium diffusion path, reducing the affinity of the corrosive medium and the coating, and inhibiting the reaction of the corrosive medium with the metal substrate. This article will develop the common use of new anti-corrosion materials. The strategies are divided into the following six categories: doped nanoparticles, super-hydrophobic coatings, corrosion inhibitors, conductive polymers, self-healing coatings and multifunctional composite coatings. It can be used in relatively harsh corrosive environments and has a heavy-duty anticorrosion coating that can achieve a longer protection period than conventional anti-corrosion coatings. Commonly used resin types include zinc-rich primers, epoxy resin coatings, polyurethane resin coatings, acrylic resin coatings, chlorinated rubber coatings, glass flake coatings, epoxy powder coatings, fluorocarbon coatings, polysiloxane coatings, polyureas, etc., among which epoxy resin coatings are often used in conjunction with zinc-rich primers, suitable for industrial production severely corrosive environment. Among the many methods of anti-corrosion of metals, organic coatings have unique advantages in metal anti-corrosion. They have good adhesion and certain mechanical strength, and at the same time have good corrosion resistance. Corrosion paint is the best, most representative and influential type of anticorrosive paint with the most development potential.

並列關鍵字

Conventional anti-corrosion ； Heavy-duty anti-corrosion ； Electroactive coatings ； Super-hydrophobic coatings ； Self-healing coatings ； Corrosion inhibitors ； Multifunctional composite coatings ； Doped nanoparticles ； Epoxy resin coatings ； Polyurethane resin coatings ； Zinc-rich primers ； Acrylic resin coatings ； Chlorinated rubber coatings ； Fluorocarbon resins ； Polysiloxane coatings ； Solvent-free anticorrosive coatings