企業法制發展的崎嶇之路：漫談公司法修正

Zigzag: The Uneasy Path of Taiwan's Corporate Law System

劉紹樑(Lawrence S. Liu)

《管理與法遵》 2卷2期 (2017/07) Pp. 1-15

https://doi.org/10.6543/JMC.201707_2(2).0001

摘要

本文藉2015年至2017年臺灣進行第三度「全盤修正公司法」運動之時機，檢討現行公司法制，以及回顧其歷來崎嶇發展的路徑。公司法係企業法制的核心，攸關企業之良性發展、投資人保護、資本形成，乃至於金融體制，但是歷來的修正防弊遠大於興利；修補性遠大於體系完整性，且隨著民粹主義，與國際規範日益脫節；注重法條，輕忽法制，行政機關藉公司法遂行「產業政策」亦所在多有，凡此種種皆為未來調整公司法制的挑戰！準此，本文建議徹底檢討法定資本制度方足正本清源，並應全面清查獨步全球、不合時宜的規定，同時落實官民對等的原則，卸除「產業政策法典化」的任務。本文一併對此次修法過程中，民間與政府部門初步整理完成之草案中較為突兀的建議，提出評析意見。最後本文期勉官員與學者、專家摒除法系之爭，省思公司法存在的基本功能，並參酌近來國際上修正公司法比較具有意義的立法例，盡力整理公司法制，方足真正提升國家競爭力。

關鍵字

公司法 ； 管制 ； 公司治理 ； 產業政策 ； 董事

並列摘要

Against the backdrop of the third attempt by Taiwan's corporate law community to overhaul and revamp its corporate law system around 2015-2017, this paper takes a critical look of this system, as well as its historical zigzag. Corporate law forms the core of business law, affects the healthy development of businesses, is critical to shareholders protection and corporate governance, capital formation, and even the financial system. However, previous corporate law amendments in Taiwan were more concerned with constraining rather than enabling the development of modern businesses. Haphazard fixes were more prevalent than attempts to achieve systemic integrity. Worse still, as populism gained in Taiwan, its corporate law rules became increasingly parochial. Specific, nitty-gritty provisions matters more than making them a consistent system of laws and rules. Government agencies even exploited the corporate law rules they wrote so as to implement whatever industrial policies that were the fads of the time. These are challenges facing any one tasked to reform Taiwan's corporate law system. Against this background, this paper argues a complete overhaul of the ＂legal capital＂ principles so as to address the root cause of all symptoms. It also advocates an overhaul of all ＂Taiwan-only＂ rules and their riddance to address the current system's anachronism. The government (and its instrumentalities) and the private sector should be treated equally, and industrial policy should be de-commissioned from the universe of Taiwan's corporate law. This paper also takes a look at several obtrusive recommendations made by the government and expert groups currently reviewing Taiwan's Company Law, and offers an in-depth critique. In conclusion, the author urges all experts, be they in the government, academia or industry, to get over the bias of the original legal family (Common Law or Civil Law), and think through the very purpose and social function of the corporate law system. To this end, the author cites a few more meaningful international examples of corporate law overhaul in recent history. Only in this way, argues the author, can the corporate law system, and national competitiveness as a result, be improved.

並列關鍵字

Corporate Law ； Regulation ； Corporate Governance ； Industrial Policy ； Director

參考文獻

公司法全盤修正修法委員會（2017）。《修法建議》。載於：http://www.scocar.org.tw/。

經濟部商業司（2017）。《公司法修法專區》。載於：http://gcis.nat.gov.tw/mainNew/subclassNAction.do?method=getFile&pk=763。

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