薄膜處理程序應用在垃圾掩埋場滲出水回收再利用之研究

Treatment and Recovery of Landfill Leachate Using UF and RO Filtration System

黃文鑑(Winn-Jung Huang) ； 王春鎮(Chun-Chen Wang)

《弘光學報》 51期 (2007/11) Pp. 153-164

https://doi.org/10.6615/HAR.200711.51.14

摘要

本研究以垃圾滲掩埋場滲出水為對象，利用目前已商業化之超過濾膜(Ultrafiltration Membrane, UF)及逆滲透膜(Reverse Osmosis Membrane, RO)串聯使用，針對滲出水之高色度、有機物及鹽類等水質特性，以模型廠處理規模之UF-RO模組過濾程序進行試驗，除探討對滲出水污染物去除效率，對膜組各項操作參數及長期連續運轉之膜阻塞問題亦將一併進行試驗。本研究模型廠設置規格是採用5 μm濾材串聯UF膜及RO膜，UF膜及RO膜操作壓力分別控制在2.5~2.95 kg/cm2、17.0~22.0kg/cm2，UF膜每操作30min即進行2min的清水反洗，RO膜則在壓力超過22 kg/cm2後即進行NaOH及檸檬酸等藥洗程序。操作期間UF-RO模組進流水質；COD：1980~2170 mg/L， SS：188~404 mg/L，TDS：7490~9410 mg/L。實驗結果顯示，在膜組壓力分別控制在UF：2.6 kg/cm2，清水回收率；UF：75%, RO：50%等操作條件下，膜組出水SS可降至10mg/L以下，其中UF約去除97.5%。有機參數COD及DOC(dissolved organic carbon)分別可降至15及2.0 mg/L，主要去除機構仍以RO膜為主，去除率可高達99.5%以上，另針對TDS (total dissolved solid)的去除效率，進流原水TDS在操作期間濃度範圍約在7100~9400 mg/L，UF出水濃度仍達7400~9000 mg/L，經RO出水可降至80 mg/L，顯示滲出水中高濃度之鹽類，仍可藉此膜組去除。綜整以上結果，藉由UF-RO膜組對滲出水中固體物、有機物及鹽類的去除效率，配合出水水質及模組操作條件，可初步研判UF-RO膜組程序對垃圾滲出水處理效益及出流水回收再利用，深具開發潛力。

關鍵字

垃圾掩埋場 ； 滲出水 ； 薄膜過濾 ； 超過濾 ； 逆滲透

並列摘要

The aim of this study is to investigate the performance of the leachate disposal by an UF (ultrafiltration) combined RO (reverse osmosis) membrane processes. The membrane system was settled up by environmental engineering and consulting corporation using commercial products. The experiments were performed in a pilot-plant unit, which equipped with hollow fiber type of UF and tubular RO membranes. The test leachate sample was drain from the municipal landfill. The operative conditions to obtain a satisfactory reduction of the pollutants of leachate, including the operating pressures, permeate recovery, rejection coefficient, and back flux methods. The operational pressure, conductivity of retentive and permeate flow were recorded continuously on a computer. The operational pressures of UF and RO were controlled in the ranges of 2.50-2.95 kg/cm2 and 17.0-22.0 kg/cm2, respectively. The UF membrane was cleaned two min before and after each 30 min test run with tap water, and RO membrane was cleaned with NaOH and citric acid when the pressure over 22 kg/cm2. The influent COD, SS, and TDS were in the ranges of 1980-2170 mg/L, 188-404 mg/L, and 7490-9410 mg/L, respectively. The results indicated that the recovery of the leachate from the special waste was 75 % for UF and 50 % for RO. The SS concentration decreased from 400 mg/L to 10 mg/L (removal rate over 97.5 %), and both of the COD and DOC were removed over 99.5 % when permeated the RO membrane. The retention of TDS was decreased from 7100-9400 mg/L to 80 mg/L (removal rate over 99 %). Recovery of water from leachate by UF-RO system can be expected to be achieved. Most of the solid, organic compound and salt exit in the leachate can be removed in our operation experiments. It can be concluded that the UF-RO system will be useful in the recovery of water from leachate.

並列關鍵字

landfill ； leachate ； membrane filteration ； ultrafiltration ； reverse osmosis

參考文獻

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