康有為情欲觀對人格教育之啟發

Enlightenment of Personal Education from You-Wei Kang’s Conception of passion

洪櫻芬(Ying-Fen Hung)

《通識教育與多元文化學報》 3期 (2012/07) Pp. 1-10

https://doi.org/10.30119/TSJYYDYWHXB.201207.0001

摘要

符應人性發展的教育方法，才可發揮教育的深刻影響力。晚清思想家康有為的變法思想指向著富國強兵，富強之基礎在於健全的教育，教育成敗之關鍵在於人格教育，而人格教育之落實，緊繫於情欲之掌握。為能瞭解情感欲望與人格教育的關係，本文首先透過理性學習與情感調節的討論，指出智仁互為體用的相輔關係。人之各種愛惡之情易恣肆無忌，應受理性之智的管控。理智對情欲之控御，是藉由智之調節達到順情遂欲。靈魂的精神陶冶與體魄的身體調養宜兩全兼顧，人道的展現是在魂魄兼修下，以「智」作為基礎及引導，以情感之「仁」作為歸向。最後點出欲的滿足是人性實現的基礎。人之有身，必會有飲食衣服器用居室等各項欲求，人性的圓滿不只是著重於德性之修為，還要觀照自然情欲之需求。希冀藉著對康有為情欲思想的探討，能尋覓到對今日人格教育有所貢獻之觀點。

關鍵字

康有為 ； 人格教育 ； 情感 ； 欲望 ； 人性

並列摘要

Educational methods can move human heart must bases on human nature. Lat e Qing’s thinker You-Wei Kang pointed out concept ion of passion influence personality. Personal education plays key role for school education. In order to elucidating this point clearly, this paper will discuss this relation from You-Wei Kang’s thought of intellect and passion. Instead of abstinence from desires, Kang argues satisfy our desires moderately. Realization of humanity is attention to both body and soul. To hold the full meanings of human body and soul, one must thoroughly understand passion and desire. These statements not only Kang's view about passion but also help us apply to personal education today.

並列關鍵字

You-Wei Kang ； personal education ； conception of passion ； desire