Go is an ancient and exotic Chinese invention, which origin is related to the astronomy, the Book of Changes, and the art of the war. There's no conclusion so far due to its mysteries and variations. What is the essence and content of Go from the broad observation apart from its practical functions? Is it a game or a sport? Is it a science or an art? How Go is positioned from ancient tradition to modern knowledge classification? Go is originally popular in East Asia, but now it's been developed worldwide by continuously growing of the Go learning population since the last century. However, the essence of Go cannot be recognized clearly by the public because of its mysterious connotation. Scholars advocate Go respectively with little intersection. In this thesis, Go is made research from math, science, art , game, sport, and the education of multiple intelligences, respectively, to well understand the essence and content of Go in a deep and extensive way, and to clarify the various and complicated arguments.